New Data Technologies and the Politics of Scale in Environmental Management: Tracking Atlantic Bluefin Tuna

New Data Technologies and the Politics of Scale in Environmental Management: Tracking Atlantic Bluefin Tuna
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新数据技术和环境管理中的规模政治:追踪大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼

DOI:
10.1080/24694452.2022.2054766
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Boustany, Andre
Boustany, Andre
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Havice, Elizabeth;Campbell, Lisa;Boustany, Andre

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知识和科学实践在很大程度上是规模和重新调整过程的审查的背景,包括重新调整环境管理的研究。新数据技术在环境管理中的日益使用凸显了将知识和科学实践纳入政治和规模生产的必要性。本文回顾了六十年来关于高度洄游和大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼空间管理的争论,阐述了知识和科学实践在标量跨境管理中的核心、动态作用。研究结果证实了先前的研究表明利益相关者利用知识(和不确定性)来影响空间化管理。我们研究新的数据技术是否改变了这些做法,我们采用的术语比大数据“更多”,用于封装和解析数据收集或生成的方法、数据本身以及为管理目的而理解数据的分析技术和基础设施。我们发现,随着新的数据技术揭示空间和时间中的对象,它们会重新表述和增加(而不是解决和限制)标量管理的可能性。它们与历史上的科学和政治实践混合在一起,永远不会“完整”。除了蓝鳍金枪鱼案例之外,调查结果还指出了转向新数据技术来“解决”标量困境的复杂性——这些技术通常因其提供清晰、可操作数据的潜力而受到不加批判的赞扬。相反,它们定位于成为一种认识世界的新方式:一种新的地缘认识论,围绕空间化的权力关系进行实验和辩论,决定对有争议的空间以及其中和通过这些空间的宝贵资源的控制。
Knowledge and scientific practice have largely been backdrops to examinations of scale and rescaling processes, including studies of rescaling environmental management. The growing use of new data technologies in environmental management highlights the need to situate knowledge and scientific practice into the politics and production of scale. Reviewing sixty years of debate over spatial management of the highly migratory and Atlantic bluefin tuna, this piece illustrates the central, dynamic roles of knowledge and scientific practice in scalar transboundary management. Findings corroborate prior studies demonstrating that stakeholders mobilize knowledge (and uncertainty) to influence spatialized management. We examine whether such practices are transformed by new data technologies, a nomenclature we adopt as “more” than big data to encapsulate and parse methods of data collection or generation, the data themselves, and the analytical techniques and infrastructures developed to make sense of data for management purposes. We find that as new data technologies reveal objects in space and time, they reformulate and multiply—rather than resolve and circumscribe—scalar management possibilities. They mix with historic scientific and political practices and are never “complete.” Beyond the bluefin case, findings point to the complications of turning to new data technologies—often uncritically celebrated for their potential to give clear, actionable data—to “solve” scalar dilemmas. Instead, they are positioned to become a new way of knowing the world: a new geo-epistemology that shapes experimentation and debate around the spatialized power relations determining control over contested spaces and the valuable resources within and moving through them.
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