Seasonal variation in nutritional indices of collared peccaries in South Texas
Seasonal variation in nutritional indices of collared peccaries in South Texas
复制标题
德克萨斯州南部项圈西獒营养指数的季节性变化
DOI：
10.2307/3801844
复制
发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
R. Warren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Corn;R. Warren
本文对利用血清、尿液和脂肪参数作为领野猪（Tayassu tajacu）营养指标的前景进行了评估，并与日粮蛋白质和能量摄入的季节变化进行了比较。每2 - 3个月在田间收集动物，持续1年。血尿素氮（BUN）、钾、钙、碱性磷酸酶、胆固醇、总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白/球蛋白比值、肌酐、体重/胴体重、肾脂肪指数（KFI）、股骨骨髓脂肪、粗蛋白-可消化能摄入量和尿尿素/肌酐比值存在季节性差异（P <0.05）。在检查的指标中，BUN和KFI对营养摄入量的变化反应最不稳定。KFI随可消化能而变化，但变化小于温带物种中报道的变化，这可能反映了不同的生理适应。粗蛋白和能量摄入均影响BUN。妊娠组与非妊娠组相比，其体重、胴体重和日粮粗蛋白水平均较高（P <0.05），但BUN浓度较低（P <0.05）。氯和胆固醇浓度女性高于男性（P <0.05）。利用生理指标监测种群的营养状况可能有助于野猪的管理。J. WILDL。管理。49（1）：57 - 65领野猪分布于阿根廷北方至美国西南部（Sowls 1978），栖息地从热带到干旱（Leopold 1959）。在历史上，领野猪一直在其整个范围内的肉和皮革狩猎。最近，它已成为德克萨斯州和亚利桑那州重要的大型狩猎动物（Sowls 1978，Bissonette 1982）。关于自由放养的野猪种群的营养状况或使用生理参数作为营养状况指标的数据很少。生理指标已被用于评估各种哺乳动物的营养状况（柯克帕特里克1980）。在几个物种中，血液成分（如BUN、白蛋白和胆固醇）和脂肪指数（如股骨骨髓脂肪（FMF）和KFI）随营养摄入量而变化。动物饮食中蛋白质和能量含量的变化可以对这些参数产生可测量的影响。本研究的目的是确定是否季节性变化，可用饲料，在胃样品中的蛋白质和能量含量的变化，将反映在血清，尿液和脂肪指数的领野猪。我们感谢S。C.史密斯的实验室援助和F。C. Turley和J. B.小芬利，在卡拉汉牧场采集野猪的许可这项研究由农业科学学院的诺维茨基灌木和杂草控制项目资助，德克萨斯理工大学，代表T-9 - 359女士
The prospect of using serum, urine, and fat parameters as nutritional indices in the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) was assessed relative to seasonal changes in dietary protein and energy intake. Animals were collected in the field every 2-3 months for 1 year. Seasonal variations occurred in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), potassium, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, total protein, globulin, albumin/ globulin ratio, creatinine, whole body/carcass weight, the kidney fat index (KFI), femur marrow fat, crude protein-digestible energy intake, and the urinary urea/creatinine ratio (P < 0.05). Of the indices examined, BUN and the KFI were most labile in response to changes in nutritional intake. The KFI varied with digestible energy, but variation was less than has been reported in more temperate species, which may reflect dissimilar physiological adaptations. Both crude protein and energy intake influenced BUN. Whole body weights, carcass weights, and dietary crude protein levels were greater (P < 0.05), but BUN concentrations were lower (P < 0.05), in pregnant vs. nonpregnant females. Chloride and cholesterol concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) in females than in males. Using physiological indices to monitor nutritional status of populations may aid in collared peccary management. J. WILDL. MANAGE. 49(1):57-65 The collared peccary occurs from northern Argentina to the southwestern United States (Sowls 1978) in habitats ranging from tropical to arid (Leopold 1959). Historically, the collared peccary has been hunted throughout its range for meat and hides. More recently, it has become an important big game animal in Texas and Arizona (Sowls 1978, Bissonette 1982). There are few published data pertaining to the nutritional status of free-ranging peccary populations or on the use of physiological parameters as indicators of nutritional condition. Physiological indices have been used to assess the nutritional status of various mammals (Kirkpatrick 1980). In several species, blood constituents, such as BUN, albumin, and cholesterol, and fat indices, such as femur marrow fat (FMF) and the KFI, vary with nutritional intake. Changes in the protein and energy content of an animal's diet can measurably influence such parameters. The objective of this study was to determine if seasonal variation in available forage, as indicated by changes in protein and energy content in stomach samples, would be reflected in blood serum, urine, and fat indices of collared peccaries. We thank S. C. Smith for laboratory assistance and F. C. Turley and J. B. Finley, Jr., for permission to collect peccaries on the Callaghan Ranch. This study was funded by the Noxious Brush and Weed Control Program, Coll. of Agric. Sci., Texas Tech Univ., and represents Ms. T-9-359.