Long-term air pollution exposure and lung function in 15 year-old adolescents living in an urban and rural area in Germany: The GINIplus and LISAplus cohorts
Long-term air pollution exposure and lung function in 15 year-old adolescents living in an urban and rural area in Germany: The GINIplus and LISAplus cohorts
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.07.003
复制
发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Schulz, Holger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuertes, Elaine;Bracher, Johannes;Schulz, Holger
简介：室外空气污染暴露对肺部长期发育的影响以及肺部易感性增加的潜在时期仍不清楚。本研究评估了两个德国出生队列中早年和当前居住环境中空气污染暴露与 15 岁时肺功能之间的关联。 方法：生活在德国城乡地区的 15 岁参与者在支气管扩张前后接受了肺活量测定（N = 2266）。使用土地利用回归和克里金法（仅臭氧）模型，根据每位参与者的出生、10 和 15 年家庭住址，估计年平均（长期）二氧化氮 (NO2) 暴露、空气动力学直径小于 2.5 μ g/m(3) (PM2.5) 质量和小于 10 μ g/m(3) (PM10) 质量的颗粒物、PM2.5 吸光度和臭氧。使用针对宿主和环境协变量以及近期短期空气污染暴露进行调整的线性回归模型来评估肺功能变量与长期污染物浓度之间的关联。结果：在完整或研究区域特定人群中，根据出生、10和15年家庭住址评估的长期空气污染浓度与支气管扩张之前和之后的肺功能变量无关。然而，哮喘患者的一些肺功能变量与长期 NO2 浓度呈负相关。例如，估计到 15 年地址的 NO2 与一秒用力呼气量与用力肺活量 (FEV1/FVC) 的比率以及 FVC 25% 和 75% 之间的平均流速相关（-3.5%、95% 置信区间 [-6.0, -1.0] 和 -297.4 ml/s [-592.6, -2.1] 每 5.9 mu g/m(3) NO2 的增加）。在整个人群中，短期 PM2.5 质量、PM10 质量和臭氧浓度与肺功能变量之间的关联的几乎所有效应估计均为负值。结论：在整个研究人群中，早期和当前的长期空气污染暴露与 15 岁时的肺功能不相关。哮喘患者可能是弱势群体。 (C) 2015 爱思唯尔有限公司。版权所有。
Introduction: The impact of outdoor air pollution exposure on long-term lung development and potential periods of increased lung susceptibility remain unknown. This study assessed associations between early-life and current residential exposure to air pollution and lung function at 15-years of age in two German birth cohorts.Methods: Fifteen year-old participants living in an urban and rural area in Germany underwent spirometry before and after bronchodilation (N = 2266). Annual average (long-term) exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 mu g/m(3) (PM2.5) mass and less than 10 mu g/m(3) (PM10) mass, PM2.5 absorbance and ozone were estimated to each participant's birth-, 10- and 15-year home address using land-use regression and kriging (ozone only) modelling. Associations between lung function variables and long-term pollutant concentrations were assessed using linear regression models adjusted for host and environmental covariates and recent short-term air pollution exposures.Results: Long-term air pollution concentrations assessed to the birth-, 10- and 15-year home addresses were not associated with lung function variables, before and after bronchodilation, in the complete or study area specific populations. However, several lung function variables were negatively associated with long-term NO2 concentrations among asthmatics. For example, NO2 estimated to the 15-year address was associated with the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) and the mean flow rate between 25% and 75% of FVC (-3.5%, 95% confidence interval [-6.0, -1.0] and -297.4 ml/s [-592.6, -2.1] per 5.9 mu g/m(3) increase in NO2, respectively). Nearly all effect estimates for the associations between the short-term PM2.5 mass, PM10 mass and ozone concentrations and the lung function variables were negative in the complete population.Conclusions: Early-life and current long-term air pollution exposures and lung function at the age of 15 years were not associated in the complete study population. Asthmatics may represent a vulnerable group. (C) 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.