Maternal Infection and Schizophrenia: Implications for Prevention
Maternal Infection and Schizophrenia: Implications for Prevention
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbq146
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Patterson, Paul H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Alan S.;Patterson, Paul H.
越来越多的证据表明，母体感染是精神分裂症的危险因素。前瞻性流行病学研究表明，母体流感、弓形虫病和生殖器/生殖感染与后代的这种疾病有关。母体免疫激活的临床前模型支持了这些微生物在精神分裂症中的神经生物学合理性。先前的研究表明，针对这些和其他感染的治疗或预防工作可能对降低精神分裂症的发病率产生显着效果，因为它们在人群中很常见，而且迄今为止对这些和其他微生物病原体和精神分裂症的流行病学研究得出的效果并不小。幸运的是，通过相对实用且廉价的干预措施可以减少许多此类感染的发生，这些干预措施在资源充足的情况下可以扩展到大量人群。因此，在本文中，我们以这三类感染为例，重点关注通过控制感染预防精神分裂症的潜力。回顾了以前针对这些感染的成功公共卫生努力的经验教训，包括这些措施的相对优点和缺点。
Accumulating evidence suggests that maternal infection is a risk factor for schizophrenia. Prospective epidemiological studies indicate that maternal influenza, toxoplasmosis, and genital/reproductive infection are associated with this disorder in offspring. Preclinical models of maternal immune activation have supported the neurobiological plausibility of these microbes in schizophrenia. Previous studies suggest that treatment or prophylactic efforts targeting these and other infections could have significant effects on reducing the incidence of schizophrenia, given that they are common in the population and the effect sizes derived from epidemiological studies of these and other microbial pathogens and schizophrenia, to date, are not small. Fortunately, the occurrence of many of these infections can be reduced with relatively practical and inexpensive interventions that are scalable to large populations given adequate resources. Hence, in the present article, we focus on the potential for prevention of schizophrenia by control of infection, using these 3 categories of infection as examples. Lessons learned from previous successful public health efforts targeting these infections, including the relative advantages and disadvantages of these measures, are reviewed.