Animal Models of Fear Relapse
Animal Models of Fear Relapse
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/ilar/ilu008
复制
发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Maren, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goode, Travis D.;Maren, Stephen
恐惧记忆可以迅速获得，并随着时间的推移而持久，而灭绝记忆形成缓慢，容易受到破坏。因此，涉及灭绝学习的行为疗法（例如，暴露疗法）往往只能暂时抑制恐惧和焦虑。这篇评论集中在已知的影响熄灭的恐惧复发的因素。与灭绝后的恐惧回归相关的几种现象进行了讨论，包括更新，自发恢复，重新获得和恢复。此外，这篇评论介绍了最近的工作，重点是心理压力的作用，在复发的熄灭的恐惧。行为和药理学研究的最新进展，检查在人类病理性恐惧的治疗。
Whereas fear memories are rapidly acquired and enduring over time, extinction memories are slow to form and are susceptible to disruption. Consequently, behavioral therapies that involve extinction learning (e.g., exposure therapy) often produce only temporary suppression of fear and anxiety. This review focuses on the factors that are known to influence the relapse of extinguished fear. Several phenomena associated with the return of fear after extinction are discussed, including renewal, spontaneous recovery, reacquisition, and reinstatement. Additionally, this review describes recent work, which has focused on the role of psychological stress in the relapse of extinguished fear. Recent developments in behavioral and pharmacological research are examined in light of treatment of pathological fear in humans.