The Role of Early Bioelectric Signals in the Regeneration of Planarian Anterior/Posterior Polarity
The Role of Early Bioelectric Signals in the Regeneration of Planarian Anterior/Posterior Polarity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.029
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发表时间：
2019-03-05
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Levin, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Durant, Fallon;Bischof, Johanna;Levin, Michael
轴向模式化过程中的涡虫再生依赖于一个转录电路，赋予不同的位置信息的两端截肢片段。该系统的最早已知元素开始在截肢后6小时划分前后伤口之间的差异。然而，仍然不知道上游事件打破了轴对称，允许相互阻遏系统在前端和后端建立不变的，不同的生化状态。在这里，我们表明，在3小时的生物电信号是至关重要的形成适当的前-后极性的真涡虫。简单地操纵内源性生物电状态，通过去极化损伤的组织在第一个3小时的再生改变基因表达6小时后截肢，并导致双头表型再生后，尽管确认冲洗离子载体从组织。这些数据揭示了静息膜电位的主要功能作用发生在受伤后的第一个3小时内，并启动了随后10天内详细描述解剖结构的下游事件模式。我们提出了一个简单的分子遗传机制的模型来解释损伤后立即发生的生理事件如何调节下游基因表达的空间分布和再生的涡虫的解剖结构。
Axial patterning during planarian regeneration relies on a transcriptional circuit that confers distinct positional information on the two ends of an amputated fragment. The earliest known elements of this system begin demarcating differences between anterior and posterior wounds by 6 h postamputation. However, it is still unknown what upstream events break the axial symmetry, allowing a mutual repressor system to establish invariant, distinct biochemical states at the anterior and posterior ends. Here, we show that bioelectric signaling at 3 h is crucial for the formation of proper anterior-posterior polarity in planaria. Briefly manipulating the endogenous bioelectric state by depolarizing the injured tissue during the first 3 h of regeneration alters gene expression by 6 h postamputation and leads to a double-headed phenotype upon regeneration despite confirmed washout of ionophores from tissue. These data reveal a primary functional role for resting membrane potential taking place within the first 3 h after injury and kick-starting the downstream pattern of events that elaborate anatomy over the following 10 days. We propose a simple model of molecular-genetic mechanisms to explain how physiological events taking place immediately after injury regulate the spatial distribution of downstream gene expression and anatomy of regenerating planaria.