The star formation history of the Sco-Cen association: Coherent star formation patterns in space and time
The star formation history of the Sco-Cen association: Coherent star formation patterns in space and time
复制标题
Sco-Cen协会的恒星形成历史：空间和时间上一致的恒星形成模式
DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/202346901
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Meingast, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ratzenböck, Sebastian;Großschedl, Josefa E.;Alves, João;Miret-Roig, Núria;Bomze, Immanuel;Forbes, John;Goodman, Alyssa;Hacar, Álvaro;Lin, Doug;Meingast, Stefan
我们重建的星星形成历史的斯科-岑OB协会使用一种新的高分辨率的年龄图，该地区。我们开发了一种方法来产生强大的年龄斯科岑最近确定的37个星团使用SigMA算法。Sco-Cen星星形成时间轴揭示了四个增强的星星形成活动或爆发的时期，这些时期明显相隔约500万年。其中，第二次爆发发生在大约1500万年前，是迄今为止占主导地位的一次，大部分Sco-Cen的恒星和星团都在这次爆发结束时就位。Sco-Cen中恒星和星系团的形成是相关的，但不是线性的，这意味着在星星形成率的峰值期间，每个星系团形成了更多的恒星。大多数大到足以产生超新星前兆的星团都是在大约1500万年前的第二次爆发中形成的。从那时起，星星和星团的形成活动一直在持续下降。我们有明确的证据表明，天蝎座Cen是由内而外形成的，它包含100 pc长的连续星团链，显示出明确的年龄梯度，从大规模的老年星团到较小的年轻星团。这些观测数据表明，反馈在形成大约一半的Sco-Cen恒星中发挥了重要作用，尽管需要进行后续工作来量化这一声明。最后，我们确认，在过去的几十年中，在文献中讨论的上斯科年龄的争议得到解决：9个集群以前集中在一起的上斯科，行星形成研究的基准区域，表现出广泛的年龄范围从3到19百万年。
We reconstructed the star formation history of the Sco-Cen OB association using a novel high-resolution age map of the region. We developed an approach to produce robust ages for Sco-Cen’s recently identified 37 stellar clusters using the SigMA algorithm. The Sco-Cen star formation timeline reveals four periods of enhanced star formation activity, or bursts, remarkably separated by about 5 Myr. Of these, the second burst, which occurred about 15 million years ago, is by far the dominant one, and most of Sco-Cen’s stars and clusters were in place by the end of this burst. The formation of stars and clusters in Sco-Cen is correlated but not linearly, implying that more stars were formed per cluster during the peak of the star formation rate. Most of the clusters that are large enough to have supernova precursors were formed during the second burst around 15 Myr ago. Star and cluster formation activity has been continuously declining since then. We have clear evidence that Sco-Cen formed from the inside out and that it contains 100-pc long chains of contiguous clusters exhibiting well-defined age gradients, from massive older clusters to smaller young clusters. These observables suggest an important role for feedback in forming about half of Sco-Cen stars, although follow-up work is needed to quantify this statement. Finally, we confirm that the Upper-Sco age controversy discussed in the literature during the last decades is solved: the nine clusters previously lumped together as Upper-Sco, a benchmark region for planet formation studies, exhibit a wide range of ages from 3 to 19 Myr.