A growing role for mTOR in promoting anabolic metabolism
A growing role for mTOR in promoting anabolic metabolism
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DOI：
10.1042/bst20130041
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Manning, Brendan D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howell, Jessica J.;Ricoult, Stephane J. H.;Manning, Brendan D.
mTOR [mammalian（or mechanistic）target of rapamycin]是一种蛋白激酶，作为mTORC 1（mTOR complex 1）的一部分，作为生长信号和细胞生长过程之间的关键分子联系。虽然有强烈的兴趣在上游机制调节mTORC1，整个剧目的下游分子事件，通过mTORC1信号促进细胞生长是最近才曝光。现在认识到mTORC1在很大程度上通过激活关键的合成代谢过程来促进细胞生长和增殖。通过多种下游靶点，mTORC 1改变细胞代谢，以驱动细胞生长所必需的结构单元和大分子（包括蛋白质、脂质和核酸）的生物合成。在本综述中，我们重点关注mTORC 1的代谢功能，因为它们与细胞生长和增殖的控制有关。由于mTORC1在许多肿瘤综合征和高达80%的人类癌症中被异常激活，我们还讨论了这种mTORC1驱动的生物合成程序在肿瘤生长和进展中的重要性。
mTOR [mammalian (or mechanistic) target of rapamycin] is a protein kinase that, as part of mTORC1 (mTOR complex 1), acts as a critical molecular link between growth signals and the processes underlying cell growth. Although there has been intense interest in the upstream mechanisms regulating mTORC1, the full repertoire of downstream molecular events through which mTORC1 signalling promotes cell growth is only recently coming to light. It is now recognized that mTORC1 promotes cell growth and proliferation in large part through the activation of key anabolic processes. Through a variety of downstream targets, mTORC1 alters cellular metabolism to drive the biosynthesis of building blocks and macromolecules fundamentally essential for cell growth, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. In the present review, we focus on the metabolic functions of mTORC1 as they relate to the control of cell growth and proliferation. As mTORC1 is aberrantly activated in a number of tumour syndromes and up to 80% of human cancers, we also discuss the importance of this mTORC1-driven biosynthetic programme in tumour growth and progression.