Age at Migration and Self-Rated Health Trajectories After Age 50: Understanding the Older Immigrant Health Paradox
Age at Migration and Self-Rated Health Trajectories After Age 50: Understanding the Older Immigrant Health Paradox
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gbu049
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Gubernskaya, Zoya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gubernskaya, Zoya
目标.这项研究有助于“移民健康悖论”的辩论，通过测试的假设，年龄较大的移民是与晚年健康状况不佳的风险增加。使用1992-2008年的健康和退休研究，我构建了线性随机截距模型，以估计50岁后的自测健康（SRH）轨迹为本地和外国出生的移民年龄。在50岁时，西班牙裔和非西班牙裔外国出生的人报告的SRH都比本土出生的人好，不包括种族、性别和教育。然而，在35岁之后移民的非西班牙裔外国出生者和在18岁之后移民的西班牙裔外国出生者，在50岁之后经历了SRH的急剧下降，这导致了与老年出生的本地人相比的健康劣势。教育程度对国外出生者，尤其是成年后移居国外者的性生殖健康的保护作用较小。移民年龄是了解老年移民健康状况的一个重要因素。高龄移民的外国出生者晚年健康状况下降更快，可能与他们在母国长期暴露于不利条件以及在美国注册的机会有限有关。
Objectives. This research contributes to the "immigrant health paradox" debate by testing the hypothesis that older age at migration is associated with the increased risk of poor health in later life.Method. Using the 1992-2008 Health and Retirement Study, I construct linear random-intercept models to estimate self-rated health (SRH) trajectories after age 50 for the native and foreign born by age at migration.Results. At age 50, both Hispanic and non-Hispanic foreign born report better SRH compared with their native-born counterparts, net of race, gender, and education. Non-Hispanic foreign born who migrated after age 35 and Hispanic foreign born who migrated after age 18, however, experience steeper decline in SRH after age 50, which results in a health disadvantage vis-a-vis the native born in old age. Education has a smaller protective effect on SRH for the foreign born, especially those who migrated as adults.Discussion. Age at migration is an important factor for understanding health status of older immigrants. Steeper health decline in later life of the foreign born who migrated in advanced ages may be related to longer exposure to unfavorable conditions in home countries and limited opportunities for incorporation in the United States.