GENETIC-CONTROL OF COLD HARDINESS AND VERNALIZATION REQUIREMENT IN WINTER-WHEAT
GENETIC-CONTROL OF COLD HARDINESS AND VERNALIZATION REQUIREMENT IN WINTER-WHEAT
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci1988.0011183x002800060001x
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发表时间：
1988-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
FOWLER, DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRULEBABEL, AL;FOWLER, DB
高水平的抗寒性是保证小麦持续越冬的必要条件。在北美的北方大平原地区。因此，对抗寒性遗传控制的清楚理解将有助于该地区针对品种改良的植物育种工作。虽然已经进行了一些遗传研究，但对控制小麦抗寒性表达的基因作用模式还没有达成普遍共识。本研究使用的春天和四个冬季品种代表了广泛的抗寒性潜力，调查抗寒性的遗传和相互作用的模式，确定在一个受控的环境，允许最大的抗寒性潜力的表达，春化要求在小麦。亲本品种间的生长习性差异受Vrn 1基因控制。抗寒性，估计的温度下，50%的植物种群被杀死（LT 50），是由基因控制的显性或加性效应。春小麦和冬小麦抗寒性的差异至少与一对显性基因有关，而冬性品种间的抗寒性差异则主要由基因的加性效应决定。在受控环境中，LT 50的广义遗传力估计值范围为0 - 88%，大多数估计值超过50%。在F2衍生的F3代，哈代超亲分离最常见于相对非哈代品种之间的杂交，但没有分离显著比最耐寒的亲本品种。缺乏春化要求并不妨碍抗寒性的发展，然而，F2衍生的F3系的分布提供了可能的遗传连锁或多效性的证据之间的基因分离的生长习性和基因或基因控制抗寒性。
A high level of cold hardiness is essential to ensure consistent overwintering of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Northern Great Plains region of North America. Consequently, a clear understanding of the genetic control of cold hardiness would facilitate plant breeding efforts directed at cultivar improvement for this areas. Although several genetic studies have been conducted, there is not a general consensus on the mode of gene action controlling the expression of cold hardiness in wheat. This study used on spring and four winter cultivars representing a wide range of cold hardiness potential to investigate the mode of inheritance and interaction of cold hardiness, determined in a controlled environment that allowed for maximum expression of cold hardiness potential, and vernalization requirement in wheat. Differences in growth habit between parental cultivars were controlled by the Vrn1 gene. Cold hardiness, estimated as the temperatures at which 50% of the plant population was killed (LT50), was controlled by genes with either dominant or additive effects. At least one dominant gene was associated with cold hardiness differences between spring and winter wheat, while gene with mainly additive effects determined differences in cold hardiness among cultivars with the winter growth habit. Broad sense heritability estimates for LT50 in the controlled environment considered ranged from 0 to 88% with most estimates exceeding 50%. In the F2-derived F3 generation, hardy transgressive segregates were most common in crosses between relatively nonhardy cultivars, but no segregates were significantly hardier than the hardiest parental cultivar. Lack of a vernalization requirement did not hinder the development of cold hardiness; however, distribution of F2-derived F3 lines provided evidence of possible genetic linkage or pleiotropism between the gene segregating for growth habit and a gene or genes controlling cold hardiness.