The Chinese Economy: Introduction
The Chinese Economy: Introduction
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DOI：
10.1177/002795011322300101
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发表时间：
2013-02
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
A. Bryson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Bryson
中国又一次站在了十字路口。随着十年一次的政治权力转移，该国未来方向的不确定性也随之而来。情况总是如此。这次不同的是，过去十年是中国经济增长的一段时期，这段时期在人类历史上，在任何地方都是无与伦比的。但政治精英和日益富裕的中产阶级对当前道路的可持续性感到焦虑。经济增长一直在放缓，尽管增长率非常高，这在那些担心失去新获得的收益的人中引发了不安。不平等正在以惊人的速度上升。“穷人”已经开始通过社交媒体和实地发出他们的声音，工业动乱是政权的一个主要问题，特别是在内地。有人质疑中国的“社会主义资本主义”模式是否与长期增长相容，认为民主是可持续增长的先决条件。其他人则认为，目前的安排更为稳健，中国走向市场经济的道路是由健全的政治决策奠定的，特别是在省、地区和城市一级，中国成功背后的许多政策实验都是在这些地方设计、试点和实施的。从这个角度来看，中国最近面临的一些困难，如工资上涨，可以被视为国家在向市场过渡时面临的典型困难的一部分
china at the crossroads China’s at the crossroads, again. With the decennial transfer of political power comes uncertainty about the future direction of the country. This is always the case. What is different this time is that the past decade has been a period of economic growth in China which is perhaps unparalleled in human history, anywhere. But there is anxiety among the political elite and the increasingly prosperous middle classes about how sustainable the current path is. Growth has been slowing, albeit from a remarkably high rate, fuelling unrest among those afraid of losing their new-found gains. Inequality has been rising at an alarming rate. The ‘have-nots’ have begun to make their voices heard, both through social media and on the ground with industrial unrest a major problem for the regime, particularly in the interior. Some question whether the Chinese model of ‘socialist capitalism’ is compatible with long-term growth, arguing that democracy is a prerequisite for sustainable growth. Others think the current arrangements are more robust and that China’s road to a market economy has been laid by sound political decision-making, especially at provincial, regional and city level where many of the policy experiments behind China’s success have been devised, piloted and implemented. Seen in this light, some of the recent difficulties China has been facing, such as wage inflation, can be seen as part of the typical difficulties countries face as they transit towards a market