Influence of gibbon ranging patterns on seed dispersal distance and deposition site in a Bornean forest
Influence of gibbon ranging patterns on seed dispersal distance and deposition site in a Bornean forest
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长臂猿测距模式对婆罗洲森林种子传播距离和沉积地点的影响
DOI：
10.1017/s0266467407003999
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
D. Chivers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. McConkey;D. Chivers
食果动物表现出每日和季节性的行为变化，但很少考虑这种变化对随后种子阴影的影响。我们调查了长臂猿（Hylobates muelleri × agilis）觅食和测距行为（重新审视喜爱的水果来源、每日和每月测距模式）的三个方面对印度尼西亚加里曼丹 Barito Ulu 研究地点龙脑香科森林中两个类群的种子传播距离和沉积地点的影响程度。使用肠道滞留时间和 12 个月内收集的分布模式来估计扩散距离和地点。长臂猿在母树下传播的种子很少（0.7%），大多数种子（> 90%）传播超过100 m。组间和不同月份的平均分散距离存在显着差异（339 m 和 431 m）。沉积地点仅受一天中时间的影响，在活动的第一个小时内吞下的所有种子都沉积在当晚使用的休眠树下。在研究期间，两个小组都访问了其栖息地内所有 0.25 公顷的样方，这表明长臂猿有可能将种子传播到整个栖息地。考虑到长臂猿种子阴影的总体均匀性、家庭活动的强度和较大的种子传播距离，长臂猿似乎一直是有效的种子传播者，并且可能是亚洲雨林中最重要的食果动物之一。
Frugivores display daily and seasonal behavioural variation, yet the influence of this variability on subsequent seed shadows is rarely considered. We investigated the extent to which three aspects of gibbon (Hylobates muelleri × agilis) foraging and ranging behaviour (revisitation of favoured fruit sources, daily and monthly ranging patterns) influenced seed dispersal distances and deposition sites for two groups in dipterocarp forests at the Barito Ulu research site, Kalimantan, Indonesia. Dispersal distances and sites were estimated using gut retention times and ranging patterns collected over 12 mo. Gibbons dispersed few seeds (0.7%) under parent trees and most seeds (> 90%) were dispersed more than 100 m. Mean dispersal distances differed significantly between groups (339 m and 431 m) and across different months. Deposition site was only influenced by time of day, with all seeds swallowed in the first hour of activity being deposited under sleeping trees used that night. Both groups visited all 0.25-ha quadrats within their home range over the study period, indicating that gibbons potentially disperse seeds throughout their home range. Given the general uniformity of the gibbon seed shadow, the intensity of home range use and large seed dispersal distances, gibbons appear to be consistently effective seed dispersers and are probably one of the most important frugivores in Asian rain forests.