Diversity and Partitioning of Bacterial Populations within the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Squid Euprymna scolopes
Diversity and Partitioning of Bacterial Populations within the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Squid Euprymna scolopes
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.07437-11
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Nyholm, Spencer V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Collins, Andrew J.;LaBarre, Brenna A.;Nyholm, Spencer V.
微生物聚生体赋予动物和植物宿主重要的益处，并且模型关联对于检查这些类型的宿主/微生物相互作用是必要的。附卵腺（ANG）是头足类软体动物中发现的雌性生殖器官，含有一群细菌，其确切功能尚不清楚。为了开始了解这个器官的作用，细菌财团的特点是在夏威夷短尾鱿鱼，Euprymna naproopes，一个良好的研究模式生物共生研究。ANG的透射电子显微镜（TEM）分析显示密集的杆状和球形细胞的细菌聚集体，通过形态学分离成单独的上皮内衬小管。宿主上皮形态异质，包含纤毛和非纤毛细胞与各种刷状缘厚度。宿主先天免疫系统的血细胞也被发现与小管内的细菌非常接近。16 S rRNA基因的普查表明，Rhododocellales，Rhizobiales和Verrucomicrobia细菌是普遍存在的，Phaeacellus属的成员占主导地位的财团。对454个鸟枪测序数据的分析证实了这些分类群成员的存在，并揭示了第四个分类群的成员，即拟杆菌门的黄细菌。16 S rRNA荧光原位杂交（FISH）显示，许多ANG小管由特定分类群的成员主导，即红细菌目（Rhodobacterales）、疣微菌属（Verrucomicrobia）或噬细胞-黄细菌属（Cytophaga-Flavobacteria-Baaerodetes），表明共生体分配到特定的宿主小管。此外，FISH显示，细菌，包括来自ANG的Phaeopathy物种，可能沉积在新鲜产卵的果冻外套中。本报告确定了无脊椎动物E.作为一个模型来检查细菌的财团和它的主机之间的相互作用。
Microbial consortia confer important benefits to animal and plant hosts, and model associations are necessary to examine these types of host/microbe interactions. The accessory nidamental gland (ANG) is a female reproductive organ found among cephalopod mollusks that contains a consortium of bacteria, the exact function of which is unknown. To begin to understand the role of this organ, the bacterial consortium was characterized in the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, a well-studied model organism for symbiosis research. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of the ANG revealed dense bacterial assemblages of rod- and coccus-shaped cells segregated by morphology into separate, epithelium-lined tubules. The host epithelium was morphologically heterogeneous, containing ciliated and nonciliated cells with various brush border thicknesses. Hemocytes of the host's innate immune system were also found in close proximity to the bacteria within the tubules. A census of 16S rRNA genes suggested that Rhodobacterales, Rhizobiales, and Verrucomicrobia bacteria were prevalent, with members of the genus Phaeobacter dominating the consortium. Analysis of 454-shotgun sequencing data confirmed the presence of members of these taxa and revealed members of a fourth, Flavobacteria of the Bacteroidetes phylum. 16S rRNA fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed that many ANG tubules were dominated by members of specific taxa, namely, Rhodobacterales, Verrucomicrobia, or Cytophaga-Flavobacteria-Baaeroidetes, suggesting symbiont partitioning to specific host tubules. In addition, FISH revealed that bacteria, including Phaeobacter species from the ANG, are likely deposited into the jelly coat of freshly laid eggs. This report establishes the ANG of the invertebrate E. scolopes as a model to examine interactions between a bacterial consortium and its host.