Monopolizing mobilities: The data politics of ride-hailing platforms in US cities
Monopolizing mobilities: The data politics of ride-hailing platforms in US cities
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垄断出行：美国城市叫车平台的数据政治
DOI：
10.1016/j.tele.2020.101436
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Monahan, Torin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monahan, Torin
智能城市主义话语经常援引数据的变革潜力来解决城市问题，但数据既不是中立的，也不是为了追求共同目标而容易共享的。基于对美国城市大型数字平台的两年研究，本文调查了城市交通部门与Uber和Lyft等乘车公司之间的数据共享冲突。通过维持数据垄断，平台公司混淆了其服务的不利影响（例如，交通拥堵和污染加剧，对骑自行车的人和行人构成危险），并干扰城市交通规划者诊断城市需求和为公共利益提供服务的任务。网约车公司对数据共享的抵制服务于延长垄断地位和减缓监管以实现最大资本提取的战略目标，但我认为，它也起到了更阴险的作用，即巩固平台实践和逻辑，使替代方案难以想象或实施。在此背景下，我探讨的概念，“数据共享”的方法来运输管理。
Smart-urbanism discourses frequently invoke the transformative potential of data to solve city problems, but data are neither neutral nor are they readily shared in the pursuit of common goals. Drawing upon a two-year study of large-scale digital platforms in US cities, this paper investigates conflicts over data sharing between city transportation departments and ride-hailing companies such as Uber and Lyft. By maintaining data monopolies, platform companies obfuscate the detrimental impacts of their services (e.g., increased congestion and pollution, dangers to cyclists and pedestrians) and interfere with city transportation planners’ tasks of diagnosing city needs and providing services for the public good. Ride-hailing companies’ resistance to data sharing serves the strategic goals of prolonging monopoly status and slowing regulation for maximum capital extraction, but I argue that it also performs a more insidious function of entrenching platform practices and logics, making alternatives difficult to imagine or implement. Against this backdrop, I explore the notion of a “data commons” approach to transportation management.