GEOGRAPHY IN CHINA
GEOGRAPHY IN CHINA
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.0033-0124.1984.00479.x
复制
发表时间：
1984-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wu Chuanjun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu Chuanjun
学校现有地理学系38个，其中综合性大学10个（南京、中山在泉州，北京、杭州、西安西北，河南开封，新疆、兰州，延边延吉，宁夏银川），师范大学10个（华东在上海，北京，东北在长春，华南在泉州，陕西在西安，南京，福建在福州，河北石家庄、天津、安徽芜湖），师范院校18所（华中武汉、西南重庆、兰州西北、山东济南、辽宁旅大、内蒙古呼和浩特、山西临汾、江西南昌、北京、南宁、昆明、翠阳、武汉、哈尔滨、泉州、湖南长沙、重庆、徐州）。大学院系中，南京大学和华东师范大学的院系规模最大，有教职员工100多人，学生约400人。一般来说，地理专业是一个为期四年的培训计划。许多院系授予硕士学位，一些院系授予博士学位。大学教师在教学的同时，也进行研究；一些大学有自己的地理研究所。农业、经济、商业、交通和旅游学院也开设地理课程。大学或学院的地理毕业生被计划委员会分配到研究或政府职位；大多数人在高中和初中从事教学工作。中央和省级规划委员会、地区和城市规划、国土管理和调节、农业和水利局以及环境保护机构等都要求地理学家参与工作。地理研究主要在研究机构进行。中国科学院和一些省级科学院设立了15个地理研究所。中国科学院地理研究所（北京）是中国地理研究的中心。该所是全国最大的综合性地理研究机构，现有职工560人，其中科技人员约400人，其中教授级40人。该研究所由12个系和实验室组成：地貌学、气候学、水文学、地图学、新技术、物理、化学、古历史、农业、工业和交通、人类和城市以及世界地理学。每个系又细分为几个专题部门。除了中央研究所外，其他研究所的专业领域或学科或地区不同。分别位于南京（经济地理学、湖泊学、地图学）、成都（山地生态学、地图学）、长春（沼泽围垦）、川州（农业地理学）、昆明（遥感应用）、福州（农业地理学）和太原（黄土高原研究）。冰川学和冷冻研究所
There are 38 university departments of geography, of which 10 are in comprehensive universities (Nanjing, Zhongshan in Cuanzhou, Beijing, Hanzhou, Xibei in Xian, Henan in Kaifeng, Xingjiang, Lanzhou, Yanbian in Yanji, Ningxia in Yinchuan), 10 in normal universities (East China in Shanghai, Beijing, Northeast in Changchun, South China in Cuanzhou, Shaanxi in Xian, Nanjing, Fujian in Fuzhou, Hebei in Shijiazhuang, Tianjin, Anhui in Wuhu), and 18 in normal colleges (Central China in Wuhan, South West in Chongqing, North West in Lanzhou, Shandong in Jinan, Liaoning in Luda, Nei Monggol in Hohhot, Shanxi in Linfen, Jiangxi in Nanchang, Being, Nanning, Kunming, Cuiyang, Wuhan, Harbin, Cuanzhou, Hunan in Changsha, Chongqing, Xuzhou). Of the university departments, that of Nanjing University and East China Normal University are the largest in size, with more than 100 teaching staff and about 400 students. Generally, geographical specialization is a four-year training program. Many of the departments offer master’s degrees, some award doctorates. Along with teaching, the university teachers carry on research; some universities have geographical research institutes of their own. Geography courses are also being taught in the agricultural, economic, commercial, transportational and tourist colleges. Geographical graduates from university or college are assigned by the Planning Commission to research or governmental posts; the majority take teaching jobs in high and middle schools. The planning commission, the bureaus of regional and urban planning, territorial management and regulation, agricultural and water conservancy of the central and provincial governments and the environmental protection institutes, etc., all require geographers to join their work. Geographical research is mainly done in the research institutes. The Chinese Academy of Sciences and some provincial academies have established 15 institutes of geography. The Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Beijing) acts as the center for geographical research in China. The institute is the largest comprehensive geographical research organization in the country, with 560 employees, of which about 400 are scientists and technicians, including 40 of the research professor rank. The Institute consists of 12 departments with laboratories: geomorphology, climatology, hydrography, cartography, new technology, and physical, chemical, paleo-and historical, agricultural, industrial and transportation, human and urban, and world geography. Each department is subdivided into several thematic divisions.Besides the central institute, the other institutes are of different specializations, either in subject or in region. They are located at Nanjing (economic geography, limnology, cartography), Chengdu (mountain ecology, cartography), Changchun (marshland reclamation), Cuanzhou (agricultural geography), Kunming (remote sensing application), Fuzhou (agricultural geography), and Taiyuan (loess plateau study). The institutes of glaciology and cryope-