A processing resource account of age differences in recall.
A processing resource account of age differences in recall.
复制标题
回忆中年龄差异的处理资源帐户。
DOI：
10.1037/h0080643
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Ackerman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. C. Rabinowitz;F. Craik;B. Ackerman
假设年龄缺陷的回忆是由于减少可用的处理资源。还有人认为，独特编码的形成（其中上下文的独特方面与目标项目相结合）需要大量的注意力资源，但单词的核心语义特征是相对自动编码的。因此，在减少处理资源的条件下，预测一般的定型编码。在3个实验中，84名大学生和60名老年人（约66-69岁）的Ss的一般，分类检索线索的有效性进行了比较，上下文特定的检索线索的有效性。年轻人回忆起更多的老年人时，他们与特定的检索线索，但没有年龄差异时，观察到一般检索线索。当要求年轻人在编码过程中执行并发任务时，实验性地减少了处理资源的量，得到了类似的结果。(22参考）（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2022阿帕，保留所有权利）
Hypothesized that age deficits in recall are due to a reduction in available processing resource. It is also argued that the formation of a distinct encoding, in which unique aspects of the context are integrated with the target item, requires a substantial amount of attentional resource but that the core semantic features of words are encoded relatively automatically. Thus, under conditions of reduced processing resource, a general, stereotyped encoding is predicted. The effectiveness of general, categorical retrieval cues was compared to the effectiveness of contextually specific retrieval cues in 3 experiments with 84 undergraduates and 60 elderly (approximately 66–69 yrs old) Ss. Young adults recalled more than older adults when they were cued with specific retrieval cues, but no age differences were observed when general retrieval cues were used. A similar pattern of results was obtained when the amount of processing resource was experimentally reduced by requiring young adults to perform a concurrent task during encoding.(22 ref)(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)