A Framework for Simultaneous Tests of Abiotic, Biotic, and Historical Drivers of Species Distributions: Empirical Tests for North American Wood Warblers Based on Climate and Pollen
A Framework for Simultaneous Tests of Abiotic, Biotic, and Historical Drivers of Species Distributions: Empirical Tests for North American Wood Warblers Based on Climate and Pollen
复制标题
DOI：
10.1086/697537
复制
发表时间：
2018-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Camilo Sanín;R. Anderson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Camilo Sanín;R. Anderson
了解非生物、生物和历史因素如何影响物种分布仍然是生态学中的一个中心问题，但将生物因素与大陆尺度的模式联系起来的研究仍然很少。在这里，我们提出了一个新的框架，用于同时测试当非生物、生物或历史因素驱动物种范围限制时预期的模式。我们使用生态位模型来产生“生物、非生物和运动”范例(BAM图)的经验估计，以前只在理论上使用。基于气候和花粉数据以及对扩散限制的明确考虑，我们实现了一组具有明确栖息地关联的北美鸟类(Oreothlypis Warblers)的框架。由于基于花粉的预测变量表征了植被，它们代表了每种鸟类所需的生物因素。尽管大陆尺度的分布模式传统上被归因于非生物因素，但只有一个物种符合纯粹非生物驱动因素的假设。相比之下，基于花粉的模型表明了两个物种的生物驱动因素，正确地预测了它们在气候适宜地区的缺失。这些结果突出了考虑和量化生物相互作用对物种范围的潜在影响的可行性，特别是当相互作用可以与非生物因素脱钩的时候。此外，现在和全新世花粉数据的可获得性突出表明，这些数据有可能被用来预测与特定植被类型密切相关的其他生物的范围转移。
Understanding how abiotic, biotic, and historical factors shape species distributions remains a central question in ecology, but studies linking biotic factors to continental-scale patterns remain scarce. Here, we present a novel framework for simultaneously testing patterns expected when abiotic, biotic, or historical factors drive species range limits. We use ecological niche models to produce empirical estimates of the “biotic, abiotic, and movement” paradigm (BAM diagrams), which previously has been used only theoretically. On the basis of climatic and pollen data as well as explicit consideration of dispersal limitations, we implement the framework for a group of North American birds (Oreothlypis warblers) with clear habitat associations. Because the pollen-based predictor variables characterize vegetation, they represent biotic factors needed by each bird species. Although continental-scale patterns of distribution are traditionally attributed to abiotic factors, only one species matched the hypothesis of solely abiotic drivers. In contrast, pollen-based models indicate biotic drivers for two species, correctly predicting their absence in climatically suitable areas. These results highlight the feasibility of considering and quantifying the potential effects of biotic interactions on species ranges, especially when interactions can be decoupled from abiotic factors. Furthermore, the availability of pollen data now and in the Holocene highlights the potential of these data to be used to predict range shifts of other organisms tightly dependent on particular vegetation types.