Canadian Inuit subsistence and ecological instability— if the climate changes, must the Inuit?
Canadian Inuit subsistence and ecological instability— if the climate changes, must the Inuit?
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加拿大因纽特人的生存和生态不稳定——如果气候发生变化，因纽特人也必须改变吗？
DOI：
10.3402/polar.v28i1.6103
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
G. Wenzel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Wenzel
全球气候变化对环极世界环境可能产生的影响已引起相当大的注意。关于加拿大北极地区的土著文化-因纽特人，研究兴趣主要集中在传统食物系统的狩猎和收获部分的脆弱性上，如果野生陆地和海洋资源变得越来越少，传统食物系统通常被称为生存系统。虽然也关注因纽特人传统的粮食经济，本文集中在因纽特人分配和分享狩猎所得产品的习惯制度机制。在分析了这种社会经济之后，对一些北极动物种群最近与气候有关的范围变化的数据进行了审查，以了解预计的环境变化可能如何影响因纽特人生存的这一其他方面。在初步得出一些物种替代和/或替换将发生的结论后，本文的最后一个方面考虑了由于气候变化的政治方面而可能排除这些“替换”的可能性。
Considerable attention has been devoted to the possible effects of global climate change on the environment of the circumpolar world. With regard to the Inuit, the aboriginal culture of Arctic Canada, research interest has focused principally on the vulnerability of the hunting and harvesting component of the traditional food system, otherwise frequently referred to as the subsistence system, if wild terrestrial and marine resources become less available. Although also concerned with the traditional Inuit food economy, this paper concentrates on the customary institutional mechanisms by which the Inuit distribute and share the products obtained from hunting. After analysing this social economy, a review of the data on recent climate-related range changes of a number of Arctic animal populations is carried out, in terms of how projected environmental changes may affect this other aspect of Inuit subsistence. After tentatively concluding that some species substitution and/or replacement will occur, the final aspect of the paper considers the potential for the possible exclusion of these “replacements” as a result of the political aspect of climate change.