Emerging costs in a "hidden" workforce: The longitudinal psychosocial effects of caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic among Norwegian adults
Emerging costs in a "hidden" workforce: The longitudinal psychosocial effects of caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic among Norwegian adults
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“隐藏”劳动力的新成本：COVID-19 大流行期间护理对挪威成年人的纵向社会心理影响
DOI：
10.1111/sjop.12986
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Hansen T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hansen T
在新冠肺炎期间，许多非正式照顾者经历了更多的照顾负担，而获得正式和非正式支持系统和应对资源的机会减少。对于这些挑战对基本但脆弱和“隐藏”的一线劳动力造成的心理社会代价，人们知之甚少。这项研究探索并比较了新冠肺炎大流行之前和三个阶段照顾者和非照顾者的心理社会幸福感(心理幸福感、心理疾病和孤独感)的变化。我们还检查了在疫情高峰期照顾者的心理社会幸福感的预测因素。我们使用在线挪威县公共卫生调查(年龄：18-92岁)在四个县和多达四个数据点(n= 14,881)收集的纵向数据。护理者是那些为有健康问题的人提供无偿、持续的护理(所有时间点的≥每月)帮助的人。调查结果显示，心理社会幸福感水平起初保持稳定，但后来在疫情高峰期显著下降。照顾者(占样本的13%-15%)报告说，在大流行之前和期间，照顾者的心理社会幸福感都低于非照顾者。在疾病方面，照顾者似乎特别脆弱，在疫情高峰期，照顾者报告的净担忧(OR = 1.22，P<； 0.01)和焦虑(OR = 1.23，P<； 0.01)比非照顾者更高。正如预期的那样，对提供更多重症监护的照顾者以及报告健康问题或难以获得社会支持的人来说，影响更严重。我们的研究结果对于在这次和未来大流行期间为照顾者提供支持的干预措施是有价值的信息。
During COVID‐19 many informal caregivers experienced increased caregiving load while access to formal and informal support systems and coping resources decreased. Little is known about the psychosocial costs of these challenges for an essential yet vulnerable and “hidden” frontline workforce. This study explores and compares changes in psychosocial well‐being (psychological well‐being, psychological ill‐being, and loneliness) before and across up to three stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic among caregivers and non‐caregivers. We also examine predictors of psychosocial well‐being among caregivers during the peak of the pandemic. We use longitudinal data collected online in the Norwegian Counties Public Health Survey (age: 18–92) in four counties and up to four data points (n= 14,881). Caregivers are those who provide care unpaid, continuous (≥ monthly across all time points) help to someone with health problems. Findings show that levels of psychosocial well‐being first remained stable but later, during the peak stages of the pandemic, dropped markedly. Caregivers (13–15% of the samples) report lower psychosocial well‐being than non‐caregivers both before and during the pandemic. Caregivers seem especially vulnerable in terms of ill‐being, and during the peak of the pandemic caregivers report higher net levels of worry (OR = 1.22,p< 0.01) and anxiety (OR = 1.23,p< 0.01) than non‐caregivers. As expected, impacts are graver for caregivers who provide more intensive care and those reporting health problems or poor access to social support. Our study findings are valuable information for interventions to support caregivers during this and future pandemics.