A novel high-pressure apparatus to study hydrate–sediment interactions
A novel high-pressure apparatus to study hydrate–sediment interactions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.petrol.2005.09.006
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发表时间：
2007-03
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Eaton;D. Mahajan;R. Flood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Eaton;D. Mahajan;R. Flood
甲烷和水经过数千年的贫气（单相）和富气（两相）形成的水合物通常存在于海洋沉积物中。海水中的溶解矿物、矿物含量和沉积物的孔隙大小等因素被认为是影响水合物生长的主要因素。人们对开发这种能源很感兴趣，但还有许多未知的方面需要解决。为了开发或改进甲烷回收方法，重要的是能够在实验室中模拟自然条件并研究宿主沉积物中甲烷水合物的动力学。迄今为止，从实验室研究的大数据集是纯甲烷水合物的动力学模型已被提出，但在沉积物的存在下，可重复的数据收集已被证明具有挑战性。本文描述了一种新的实验装置，名为FISH（灵活的综合研究水合物），已被设计为限制人工和天然沉积物中的压力容器和模拟海洋条件，以研究在这些沉积物中的甲烷水合物的形成/分解的动力学。单位：1）由配备有第一种视口的压力容器组成，该视口足够大以观察宏观水合物行为，2）配置允许不同体积压力容器的方便可互换性，3）可以接受声学探针，以及4）容纳多个传感器以在精确的压力和温度条件下操作。该单元的设置，操作，并与压力容器中的有效气体液体体积比（Vg/VI）为1.86的实验的初步结果进行了说明。关于水合物的形成/分解循环和声学特性的准确数据的可用性将有助于开发一种备受追捧的从这一巨大资源中提取甲烷的经济方法。
Hydrates formed from methane and water over thousands of years under both gas-lean (single phase) and gas-rich (two-phase) conditions are commonly present in marine sediments. Several factors such as dissolved minerals in seawater, mineral content, and pore size of sediments are thought to affect hydrate growth. There is much interest in exploiting this energy source, but there are many unknown aspects that need to be addressed. In order to develop or improve methane recovery methods, it is important to be able to mimic natural conditions in a laboratory and study dynamics of methane hydrates in host sediments. To date, a large data set from laboratory studies is available for pure methane hydrates for which kinetic models have been proposed but reproducible data collection in the presence of sediments has proved challenging. We describe herein a new experimental apparatus named FISH (Flexible Integrated Study of Hydrates) that has been designed to confine artificial and natural sediments in a pressure vessel and mimic oceanic conditions in order to study kinetics of methane hydrate formation/ decomposition in these sediments. The unit: 1) consists of a pressure vessel equipped with a first-of-its-kind viewport that is large enough to observe macroscopic hydrate behavior, 2) configuration allows convenient interchangeability of different volume pressure vessels, 3) can accept acoustic probes, and 4) holds multiple sensors for operation under precise pressure and temperature conditions. The unit set up, operation, and preliminary results for experiments with a pressure vessel in which the effective gas to liquid volume (Vg/Vl) ratio was 1.86, are described. The availability of accurate data on the formation/ decomposition cycle and acoustic properties of hydrates will aid in developing a much sought after economical method to extract methane from this vast resource.