Type‐Dependent Impact of Aerosols on Precipitation Associated With Deep Convective Cloud Over East Asia
Type‐Dependent Impact of Aerosols on Precipitation Associated With Deep Convective Cloud Over East Asia
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DOI：
10.1029/2021jd036127
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发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Xinlei Han;Bin Zhao;Yun Lin;Qixiang Chen;Hongrong Shi;Zhe Jiang;Xuehua Fan;Jiandong Wang;K. Liou;Y. Gu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xinlei Han;Bin Zhao;Yun Lin;Qixiang Chen;Hongrong Shi;Zhe Jiang;Xuehua Fan;Jiandong Wang;K. Liou;Y. Gu
气溶胶-云-降水相互作用是气候模拟和预测中最重要的不确定性之一。特别是，由于有限和相互矛盾的观测证据，气溶胶对降水的影响是高度不确定的。一个主要的挑战是区分不同类型的气溶胶对与深对流云有关的降水的影响，深对流云产生了东亚的大部分降水。在这里，我们使用9年的观测从多个卫星传感器，发现大雨的发生频率增加，而小雨的减少与气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）的增加，灰尘和污染的大陆气溶胶类型。在小时平均降水量方面，烟团升高对深对流降水有抑制作用，而沙尘和污染的大陆气溶胶主要通过增强深对流来增强降水。云底温度（CBT）越高，增强效果越明显，而当CBT <12°C时，增强效果不明显。结果表明，海洋和陆地上的平均小时降水量对气溶胶的响应有很大的差异。当主要的大陆气溶胶类型而不是烟雾增加降水时，海洋气溶胶随着AOD的增加先增强然后抑制降水。此外，我们的分析表明，上述对降水的增强和抑制作用主要是由气溶胶本身引起的，而不是由气象因素的协变引起的。这些观测到的不同气溶胶类型与降水频率和降水量之间的关系为降水模式预报提供了有价值的约束。
Aerosol‐cloud‐precipitation interactions represent one of the most significant uncertainties in climate simulation and projection. In particular, the impact of aerosols on precipitation is highly uncertain due to limited and conflicting observational evidence. A major challenge is to distinguish the effects of different types of aerosols on precipitation associated with deep convective clouds, which produces most of the precipitation in East Asia. Here, we use 9‐yr observations from multiple satellite‐borne sensors and find that the occurrent frequency of heavy rain increases while that of light rain decreases with the increase of aerosol optical depth (AOD) for dust and polluted continental aerosol types. For average hourly precipitation amount, elevated smoke tends to suppress deep convective precipitation, while dust and polluted continental aerosols enhance precipitation mainly through the invigoration of deep convection. The invigoration effect is more significant for clouds with higher cloud base temperature (CBT), while no significant invigoration is observed when CBT is <12°C. A great contrast is found for the response of average hourly precipitation amount to aerosols over ocean and land. While the prevailing continental aerosol types other than smoke increase precipitation, the marine aerosols first enhance and then inhibit precipitation with the increase of AOD. Moreover, our analysis indicates that the above‐mentioned enhancement and inhibition effects on precipitation are mainly caused by aerosols themselves, rather than by the covariation of meteorological factors. These observed relationships between different aerosol types and precipitation frequency and amount provide valuable constraints on the model forecasting of precipitation.