Retrieval-induced forgetting: Evidence for a recall-specific mechanism
Retrieval-induced forgetting: Evidence for a recall-specific mechanism
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03214366
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Bjork, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, MC;Bjork, EL;Bjork, RA
先前的研究表明，从长期记忆中回忆信息会损害相关表征的长期保留-一种被称为提取诱导遗忘的现象（安德森，比约克和比约克，1994）。我们报告的实验中，是否检索是必要的，以诱导这种形式的损害的问题进行了检查。所有的受试者都研究了来自八个分类学类别中的每一个的六个成员（例如，水果橙子）。在竞争练习条件下，受试者练习回忆六个成员中的三个，使用类别词干线索（例如，在非竞争性练习条件下，受试者再次暴露于这些相同的成员相同的重复次数，但被要求通过使用范例和茎作为线索回忆类别名称（例如，fr_橙子）。尽管在这两种情况下的实践项目的显着和可比的促进，只有竞争性的实践科目受损的能力，以回忆非实践的成员在延迟的线索回忆测试。这些研究结果表明，提取引起的遗忘不是由加强练习项目所引起的竞争增加引起的，而是由特定于回忆情况的抑制过程引起的。
Previous work has shown that recalling information from long-term memory can impair the longterm retention of related representations-a phenomenon known as retrieval-induced forgetting (Anderson, Bjork, & Bjork, 1994). We report an experiment in which the question of whether retrieval is necessary to induce this form of impairment was examined. All the subjects studied six members from each of eight taxonomic categories (e.g.,fruit orange). In the competitive practice condition, the subjects practiced recalling three of the six members, using category-stem cues (e.g.,fruit or_), In the noncompetitive practice condition, the subjects were reexposed to these same members for the same number of repetitions but were asked to recall the category name by using the exemplar and a stem as cues (e.g.,fr_orange). Despite significant and comparable facilitation of practiced items in both conditions, only the competitive practice subjects were impaired in their ability to recall the non-practiced members on a delayed cued-recall test. These findings argue that retrieval-induced forgetting is not caused by increased competition arising from the strengthening of practiced items, but by inhibitory processes specific to the situation of recall.