Complex vertebral malformation in Holstein calves
Complex vertebral malformation in Holstein calves
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DOI：
10.1177/104063870101300401
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Arnbjerg, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agerholm, JS;Bendixen, C;Arnbjerg, J
最近观察到致命的先天性缺陷的纯种荷斯坦牛犊报告。对18头遗传相关的小牛进行了尸检。一头小牛在妊娠第159天流产，其他小牛在妊娠第250天到285天之间分娩。出生体重减少。该缺陷的特征是由于多个半椎体、融合和畸形椎体以及脊柱侧凸导致脊柱的颈椎和胸椎部分缩短。腕关节和掌指关节的对称弯曲以及指骨的轻微侧向旋转也存在。后肢也出现类似的轻度关节挛缩。50%的小牛患有心脏畸形。其他畸形发生在少数小腿。复杂椎体畸形（CVM）被认为是这种缺陷的名称。由于病例发生在遗传相关个体之间的繁殖之后，因此指出了遗传病因。他们发现了两个共同的祖先；他们都是美国荷尔斯坦血统的前精英家族。由于国际上广泛使用来自受影响小牛系谱的父系的精液，预计CVM将在几个国家发生。
A recently observed lethal congenital defect of purebred Holstein calves is reported. Eighteen genetically related calves were necropsied. One calf had been aborted on gestation day 159, and the others were delivered between day 250 and day 285. Birth weights were reduced. The defect was characterized by shortening of the cervical and thoracic parts of the vertebral column due to multiple hemivertebrae, fused and misshaped vertebrae, and scoliosis. Symmetrical flexures of the carpal joints and the metacarpophalangeal joint in combination with a slight lateral rotation of the phalanges also were present. Similar low-grade arthrogryposis was present in the posterior limbs. Fifty percent of the calves had heart malformation. Other malformations occurred in a few calves. Complex vertebral malformation (CVM) is proposed as the designation for this defect. A genetic etiology is indicated because cases occurred following breeding between genetically related individuals. Two common ancestors were found; both were former elite sires of US Holstein origin. Because of the widespread international use of semen from sires occurring in the pedigrees of affected calves, CVM is expected to occur in several countries.