Social learning within and across species: information transfer in mouse-eared bats
Social learning within and across species: information transfer in mouse-eared bats
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DOI：
10.1139/cjz-2013-0211
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Siemers, Bjoern M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clarin, Theresa M. A.;Borissov, Ivailo;Siemers, Bjoern M.
社会学习描述个体之间通过观察或直接互动进行的信息传递。蝙蝠可以在大群体中生活和觅食，有时包括几个物种，因此非常适合研究种内和种间的信息传递。虽然社会学习已经在一些蝙蝠物种中被记录下来，但还没有证据表明它在物种之间发生。此外，人们还不完全了解蝙蝠的社会学习需要个体之间多大程度的相互作用。我们通过比较种内社会学习中观察与互动的效率，并考虑同域蝙蝠种间社会学习来解决这些问题。观察者从示威者那里学会了用灯光来识别食物来源。我们发现大鼠耳蝠存在种内社会学习（Myotis Myotis (Borkhausen, 1797)），与示范者的直接互动比单独的观察学习更有效地导致信息传递。我们还发现了从myotis到小鼠耳蝠的种间信息传递的证据（myotis oxygnathus Monticelli, 1885）。此外，我们偶然地重新测试了一个个体，我们在最初的学习一年后从野外重新捕获，并发现了训练联想的长期记忆。我们的研究增加了对野生动物学习、信息传递和长期记忆的理解。
Social learning describes information transfer between individuals through observation or direct interaction. Bats can live and forage in large groups, sometimes comprising several species, and are thus well suited for investigations of both intraspecific and interspecific information transfer. Although social learning has been documented within several bat species, it has not been shown to occur between species. Furthermore, it is not fully understood what level of interaction between individuals is necessary for social learning in bats. We address these questions by comparing the efficiency of observation versus interaction in intraspecific social learning and by considering interspecific social learning in sympatric bat species. Observers learned from demonstrators to identify food sources using a light cue. We show that intraspecific social learning exists in the greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis (Borkhausen, 1797)) and that direct interaction with a demonstrator more efficiently leads to information transfer than observational learning alone. We also found evidence for interspecific information transfer from M. myotis to the lesser mouse-eared bat (Myotis oxygnathus Monticelli, 1885). Additionally, we opportunistically retested one individual that we recaptured from the wild 1 year after initial learning and found long-term memory of the trained association. Our study adds to the understanding of learning, information transfer, and long-term memory in wild-living animals.