Translational applications of hyperpolarized 3He and 129Xe.
Translational applications of hyperpolarized 3He and 129Xe.
复制标题
超极化 3He 和 129Xe 的转化应用。
DOI：
10.1002/nbm.3151
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Woods,JasonC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walkup,LauraL;Woods,JasonC
肺的临床磁共振成像在技术上具有挑战性，但在过去的二十年里，超极化惰性气体(3He和129Xe)成像已经证明了测量多个肺功能生物标志物的能力。由于对电离辐射致癌风险的日益关注，人们对非电离、非侵入性成像技术的需求越来越大，但由于获得该技术的机会有限，超极化气体成像技术在肺部临床的应用一直受到阻碍。新的发展可能为临床研究打开更多的途径和更多的翻译。这里我们简要回顾超极化气体磁共振在通风、扩散和溶解相成像方面的几个翻译应用，以及3He和129Xe气体在这些应用中的比较和对比。单纯静态呼吸核磁共振显示肺内不参与正常呼吸的区域，这些缺陷已在许多肺部疾病中观察到。与空域大小和连通性相关的生物标志物可以通过测量超极化气体的表观扩散系数来量化，已被证明比标准的临床肺功能测试对肺形态的微小变化更敏感，并已得到定量组织学的验证。与气体摄取和交换以及肺组织密度相关的参数可以使用129Xe溶液期MRI来确定。在大多数情况下，功能生物标记物可以通过任一种气体的MRI来确定，但对于某些应用，可能首选一种气体，例如用于远程扩散测量的3He和用于溶解相成像的129Xe。更多地获得超极化气体成像，加上新开发的治疗方法，使肺部医学有望迎来一场潜在的革命，进一步增加已经被分子生物学进步证明的个性化医学的前景。超极化气体研究人员有机会为这场革命做出贡献，特别是如果超极化气体成像的更大临床应用得以实现的话。版权所有©2014 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
Clinical magnetic resonance imaging of the lung is technologically challenging, yet over the past two decades hyperpolarized noble gas (3He and129Xe) imaging has demonstrated the ability to measure multiple pulmonary functional biomarkers. There is a growing need for non‐ionizing, non‐invasive imaging techniques due to increased concern about cancer risk from ionizing radiation, but the translation of hyperpolarized gas imaging to the pulmonary clinic has been stunted by limited access to the technology. New developments may open doors to greater access and more translation to clinical studies.Here we briefly review a few translational applications of hyperpolarized gas MRI in the contexts of ventilation, diffusion, and dissolved‐phase imaging, as well as comparing and contrasting3He and129Xe gases for these applications. Simple static ventilation MRI reveals regions of the lung not participating in normal ventilation, and these defects have been observed in many pulmonary diseases. Biomarkers related to airspace size and connectivity can be quantified by apparent diffusion coefficient measurements of hyperpolarized gas, and have been shown to be more sensitive to small changes in lung morphology than standard clinical pulmonary functional tests and have been validated by quantitative histology. Parameters related to gas uptake and exchange and lung tissue density can be determined using129Xe dissolved‐phase MRI. In most cases functional biomarkers can be determined via MRI of either gas, but for some applications one gas may be preferred, such as3He for long‐range diffusion measurements and129Xe for dissolved‐phase imaging.Greater access to hyperpolarized gas imaging coupled with newly developing therapeutics makes pulmonary medicine poised for a potential revolution, further adding to the prospects of personalized medicine already evidenced by advancements in molecular biology. Hyperpolarized gas researchers have the opportunity to contribute to this revolution, particularly if greater clinical application of hyperpolarized gas imaging is realized. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.