Advantages of laboratory natural selection in the applied sciences
Advantages of laboratory natural selection in the applied sciences
复制标题
实验室自然选择在应用科学中的优势
DOI：
10.1111/jeb.13964
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Morran, Levi T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewis, Jordan A.;Morran, Levi T.
在过去的三十年里，实验室自然选择已经成为生物学研究中广泛使用的技术。大多数使用这种技术的研究都是在基础科学领域，经常测试与进化变化或生态动力学机制有关的假设。虽然实验室自然选择目前在这一背景下大量使用，但其在应用研究中的使用存在显着差距，特别是与人工选择和定向进化等其他选择实验方法相比。尽管应用科学的研究途径似乎非常适合实验室自然选择。在这篇评论中，我们将实验室自然选择的背景下与其他选择实验，确定的特点，使其非常适合于特定类型的应用研究，并简要介绍了应用科学中的选择实验的有用性的关键例子。最后，我们确定了三个有前途的调查领域的实验室自然选择在应用科学：生物修复技术，确定耐药性的机制和优化生物燃料的生产。虽然实验室的自然选择是目前较少利用在应用科学相比，基础研究，该方法有巨大的承诺，在该领域的mushingforward.AbstractLaboratory自然选择已被广泛用于调查基本的生物学假说，和许多方面，使其非常适合这些问题可能是有用的研究人员在应用科学。在这里，我们回顾了实验室自然选择的历史，将其与其他类型的进化实验放在一起，并确定了三个领域，它可能有助于解决全球性问题。
In the past three decades, laboratory natural selection has become a widely used technique in biological research. Most studies which have utilized this technique are in the realm of basic science, often testing hypotheses related to mechanisms of evolutionary change or ecological dynamics. While laboratory natural selection is currently utilized heavily in this setting, there is a significant gap with its usage in applied studies, especially when compared to the other selection experiment methodologies like artificial selection and directed evolution. This is despite avenues of research in the applied sciences which seem well suited to laboratory natural selection. In this review, we place laboratory natural selection in context with other selection experiments, identify the characteristics which make it well suited for particular kinds of applied research and briefly cover key examples of the usefulness of selection experiments within applied science. Finally, we identify three promising areas of inquiry for laboratory natural selection in the applied sciences: bioremediation technology, identifying mechanisms of drug resistance and optimizing biofuel production. Although laboratory natural selection is currently less utilized in applied science when compared to basic research, the method has immense promise in the field moving forward.AbstractLaboratory natural selection has been used extensively to investigate fundamental biological hypotheses, and many of the aspects which make it well suited to those questions could be of use to researchers in the applied sciences. Here, we review the history of laboratory natural selection, place it in context with other types of evolution experiments and identify three areas where it may be of use to help address global issues.
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