A METHOD FOR QUANTIFYING DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN POPULATIONS AT MULTI-ALLELIC LOCI AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR INVESTIGATING IDENTITY AND PATERNITY
A METHOD FOR QUANTIFYING DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN POPULATIONS AT MULTI-ALLELIC LOCI AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR INVESTIGATING IDENTITY AND PATERNITY
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01441146
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发表时间：
1995-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
NICHOLS, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BALDING, DJ;NICHOLS, RA
提出了一种方法，允许人口分化的影响，和其他因素，在法医推断的基础上的DNA图谱。例如，目前的许多法医实践忽视了共同祖先和不适当数据库的影响，因此对被告有系统的偏见。一些作者强调了法医鉴定的“乘积规则”的问题，但这些问题的重要方面并没有得到广泛的重视。这部分是因为匹配概率经常与配置文件的相对频率混淆。此外，亲子关系案件中的类似问题很少受到关注。所提出的方法是根据基本的人口遗传过程的一般假设。与法医推断相关的概率用一个参数来表示，该参数的值可以选择以反映具体情况。该方法目前在一些英国法院使用，与“最高限额原则”方法相比具有重要优势，后者因许多理由而受到批评。
A method is proposed for allowing for the effects of population differentiation, and other factors, in forensic inference based on DNA profiles. Much current forensic practice ignores, for example, the effects of coancestry and inappropriate databases and is consequently systematically biased against defendants. Problems with the 'product rule' for forensic identification have been highlighted by several authors, but important aspects of the problems are not widely appreciated. This arises in part because the match probability has often been confused with the relative frequency of the profile. Further, the analogous problems in paternity cases have received little attention. The proposed method is derived under general assumptions about the underlying population genetic processes. Probabilities relevant to forensic inference are expressed in terms of a single parameter whose values can be chosen to reflect the specific circumstances. The method is currently used in some UK courts and has important advantages over the 'Ceiling Principle' method, which has been criticized on a number of grounds.