Pyrolysis and mass spectrometry studies of meteoritic organic matter.
Pyrolysis and mass spectrometry studies of meteoritic organic matter.
复制标题
陨石有机物的热解和质谱研究。
DOI：
10.1002/mas.20354
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
M. Sephton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Sephton
陨石是落在地球表面的外星物质的碎片。这些富含碳的陨石来自古老的小行星，这些小行星自45.6亿年前太阳系形成以来一直相对未被处理过。它们含有各种各样的外星有机分子，这些分子是早期太阳系化学进化的记录，以及随后在它们的母体上的水和热过程。主要的有机成分（bbb70 %）是一种大分子材料，可以抵抗直接的溶剂萃取。由于其难以处理的性质，研究这种奇异物质的最常见方法包括热分解（热解）和质谱法的结合。最近，这种方法也被用于探索有争议的火星陨石中有机物质的说法。本文综述了从陨石中获得的热解数据，并概述了关键解释。
Meteorites are fragments of extraterrestrial materials that fall to the Earth's surface. The carbon-rich meteorites are derived from ancient asteroids that have remained relatively unprocessed since the formation of the Solar System 4.56 billion years ago. They contain a variety of extraterrestrial organic molecules that are a record of chemical evolution in the early Solar System and subsequent aqueous and thermal processes on their parent bodies. The major organic component (>70%) is a macromolecular material that resists straightforward solvent extraction. In response to its intractable nature, the most common means of investigating this exotic material involves a combination of thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) and mass spectrometry. Recently the approach has also been used to explore controversial claims of organic matter in meteorites from Mars. This review summarizes the pyrolysis data obtained from meteorites and outlines key interpretations.