Synaptic localization of neurotransmitter receptors: comparing mechanisms for AMPA and GABAA receptors.

Synaptic localization of neurotransmitter receptors: comparing mechanisms for AMPA and GABAA receptors.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coph.2014.11.011
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发表时间:
2015-02
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Tomita, Susumu
Tomita, Susumu
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Martenson, James S.;Tomita, Susumu

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离子神经递质受体通过定位于突触后,介导突触的快速传递。突触受体数量的变化可诱导突触的可塑性。因此,受体在基础传递和突触可塑性中的突触定位机制已被广泛研究。最近的研究结果表明,四聚体AMPA受体在基础传递中的突触定位需要TARP辅助亚基的PDZ结合,TARP辅助亚基调节受体的特性和药理学。另一方面,五聚体GABAA受体需要多个受体亚基才能在基础传递中进行突触定位。在可塑性过程中,AMPA受体似乎利用不同的机制进行基础突触定位和突触插入。揭示受体突触定位的精确机制可能会建立控制突触传递的新途径。
Ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors mediate fast synaptic transmission by localizing at postsynapses. Changes in receptor number at synapses induce synaptic plasticity. Thus, mechanisms for the synaptic localization of receptors in basal transmission and synaptic plasticity have been investigated extensively. Recent findings reveal that synaptic localization of tetrameric AMPA receptors in basal transmission requires the PDZ binding of TARP auxiliary subunits, which modulate receptor properties and pharmacology. On the other hand, pentameric GABAA receptors require multiple receptor subunits for their synaptic localization in basal transmission. AMPA receptors seem to utilize distinct mechanisms for basal synaptic localization and synaptic insertion during plasticity. Revealing precise mechanisms for receptor synaptic localization may establish new approaches to control synaptic transmission.
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