Representing time-dependent freezing behaviour in immersion mode ice nucleation
Representing time-dependent freezing behaviour in immersion mode ice nucleation
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-14-8501-2014
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Atkinson, J. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herbert, R. J.;Murray, B. J.;Atkinson, J. D.
为了了解云中冰形成的影响，需要对冰成核进行定量了解，同时沿着用于云解析模型的准确和有效的表示。由大气相关颗粒类型的冰成核由于成核能力的颗粒间变化以及成核所固有的随机性、时间依赖性而变得复杂。在这里，我们提出了一个新的和计算效率的框架，用于在浸没模式冰成核中计算可观测的随机时间依赖性（FROST）。这一框架的基础上的成核速率系数的温度依赖性控制的停留时间和冷却速率依赖的冻结的发现。结果表明，该框架可以用来协调不同的时间尺度与不同的实验系统获得的实验数据，它也提供了一个简单的方法来表示云解析模型中的冰成核的复杂性。建议在未来的实验研究中对时间依赖性行为进行常规测试和报告，沿着按照此处概述的方法提供标准化数据集的做法。
In order to understand the impact of ice formation in clouds, a quantitative understanding of ice nucleation is required, along with an accurate and efficient representation for use in cloud resolving models. Ice nucleation by atmospherically relevant particle types is complicated by interparticle variability in nucleating ability, as well as a stochastic, time-dependent, nature inherent to nucleation. Here we present a new and computationally efficient Framework for Reconciling Observable Stochastic Time-dependence (FROST) in immersion mode ice nucleation. This framework is underpinned by the finding that the temperature dependence of the nucleation-rate coefficient controls the residence-time and cooling-rate dependence of freezing. It is shown that this framework can be used to reconcile experimental data obtained on different timescales with different experimental systems, and it also provides a simple way of representing the complexities of ice nucleation in cloud resolving models. The routine testing and reporting of time-dependent behaviour in future experimental studies is recommended, along with the practice of presenting normalised data sets following the methods outlined here.