Probing the non-locality of Majorana fermions via quantum correlations.

Probing the non-locality of Majorana fermions via quantum correlations.
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通过量子关联探测马约拉纳费米子的非定域性

DOI:
10.1038/srep04930
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发表时间:
2014-05-12
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
You JQ
You JQ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li J;Yu T;Lin HQ;You JQ

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马约拉纳费米子(MFs)是一种奇异粒子,它们本身就是反粒子。近年来,在固态系统中以准粒子激发形式出现的MFs的研究引起了广泛的兴趣,因为它们在基础物理学和基于固态器件的拓扑量子计算中的潜在应用中具有重要意义。本文研究了由半导体纳米线两端出现的一对纳米粒子诱导的两个空间分离量子点之间的量子相关性,以开发一种探测纳米粒子的新方法。我们发现,如果没有这些成对MFs之间的隧道耦合,量子纠缠就不能从非纠缠态(即产物)状态诱导出来,但是由于成对MFs的固有非局部相关,可以观察到量子不和谐。这一发现表明,量子不和谐确实可以证明纳米线中形成的MFs的内在非局域性。此外,量子不和谐可以用来区分MFs和普通费米子。此外,我们提出了一个实验装置来测量由于非局部相关引起的量子不和谐的开始。我们的方法提供了一种新的、实验上可行的方法,通过探测马约拉纳束缚态的固有非局域特征来研究它们。
Majorana fermions (MFs) are exotic particles that are their own anti-particles. Recently, the search for the MFs occurring as quasi-particle excitations in solid-state systems has attracted widespread interest, because of their fundamental importance in fundamental physics and potential applications in topological quantum computation based on solid-state devices. Here we study the quantum correlations between two spatially separate quantum dots induced by a pair of MFs emerging at the two ends of a semiconductor nanowire, in order to develop a new method for probing the MFs. We find that without the tunnel coupling between these paired MFs, quantum entanglement cannot be induced from an unentangled (i.e., product) state, but quantum discord is observed due to the intrinsic nonlocal correlations of the paired MFs. This finding reveals that quantum discord can indeed demonstrate the intrinsic non-locality of the MFs formed in the nanowire. Also, quantum discord can be employed to discriminate the MFs from the regular fermions. Furthermore, we propose an experimental setup to measure the onset of quantum discord due to the nonlocal correlations. Our approach provides a new, and experimentally accessible, method to study the Majorana bound states by probing their intrinsic non-locality signature.
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