Identification and production of a rhamnolipidic biosurfactant by a Pseudomonas species
Identification and production of a rhamnolipidic biosurfactant by a Pseudomonas species
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DOI：
10.1007/s002530050665
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发表时间：
1996-03-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Vandecasteele, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arino, S;Marchal, R;Vandecasteele, JP
从某制气厂多环芳烃污染土壤中分离到一株产糖脂细菌绿脓杆菌GL1。所制备的糖脂通过色谱方法详细表征为四种鼠李糖脂的混合物，由鼠李糖和羟基脂肪酸的不同组合组成：主要成分为单鼠李糖基二-3-羟基癸酸。鼠李糖脂的组成与铜绿假单胞菌外膜脂多糖（脂多糖带a）的特定部分具有明显的相似性。在限氮条件下促进鼠李糖脂产量。甘油比疏水性碳源产生更高的产量。细胞在甘油和正十六烷上的疏水性下降，而糖脂产量增加。发现铜绿假单胞菌GL1在各种2、3和4循环的多环芳烃上不能生长。然而，在纯多环芳烃混合物上生长的细菌群体中，经过至少12次传代培养后，它仍然存在，这表明鼠李糖脂在相互作用的多环芳烃降解细菌群落中作为提高多环芳烃可利用性的一种生理作用。
A glycolipid-producing bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa GL1, was isolated from the soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from a manufactured gas plant. The glycolipid produced was characterized in detail by chromatographic procedures as a mixture of four rhamnolipids, consisting of different associations of rhamnose and hydroxy fatty acids: the main component was monorhamnosyl di-3-hydroxydecanoic acid. The rhamnolipid composition presented marked analogies with a defined part of P. aeruginosa outer membrane lipopolysaccharides (lipopolysaccharide band A). Rhamnolipid production was stimulated under conditions of nitrogen limitation. Glycerol yielded higher productions than did hydrophobic carbon sources. Cell hydrophobicity decreased during growth on glycerol and on n-hexadecane whereas glycolipid production increased. P. aeruginosa GL1 was found to be unable to grow on a variety of 2, 3 and 4 cycle PAH. However, it was shown to persist after at least 12 subcultures in a bacterial population growing on a mixture of pure PAH, suggesting a physiological role for rhamnolipid as a means to enhance PAH availability in a mutualistic PAH-degrading bacterial community.