Levels of PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin-like PCBs in human milk among Hong Kong mothers.
Levels of PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin-like PCBs in human milk among Hong Kong mothers.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.07.097
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发表时间：
2013-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tze Wai Wong;A. Wong;E. Anthony S. Nelson;H. Qiu;Susanna Y.K. Ku
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tze Wai Wong;A. Wong;E. Anthony S. Nelson;H. Qiu;Susanna Y.K. Ku
二恶英是《斯德哥尔摩公约》所列的一类持久性有机污染物，包括多氯二苯并对二恶英、多氯二苯并呋喃和二恶英类多氯联苯。这些有毒化学品具有致癌性，分布广泛，半衰期长。它们污染了食物网，并且是脂溶性的，积聚在人体的脂肪组织和乳汁中。为了评估人类的暴露情况，我们从香港各地招募了137名首次母亲的母乳样本。根据受试者的年龄和居住时间，在四个样本池中通过HRGC-HRMS分析样本。暴露与年龄、住院时间和可能的饮食有关。一般而言，年长母亲及留港时间较长的母亲，其乳汁中的二恶英含量较高。这一模式在多氯联苯中最为明显，尽管在某些多氯二苯并对二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃中观察到了偏差。根据世界卫生组织毒性当量（WHO-TEQs）测量的每克脂重的平均浓度，多氯二苯并对二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃为7.48皮克/克，多氯联苯为3.79皮克/克，多氯二苯并对二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃和多氯联苯的总浓度为11.27皮克/克。与我们在2002年进行的一项香港研究相比，我们最新的研究结果中，多氯二苯并对二恶英/呋喃的平均WHO毒性当量值总体上降低了约9%，多氯联苯降低了19%，在这项研究中，多氯二苯并对二恶英/呋喃和多氯联苯的平均总WHO毒性当量值降低了约13%。这显示香港的持久性有机污染物水平整体呈下降趋势。然而，与其他一些亚太国家相比，我们的水平仍然很高。更严格的减少和消除持久性有机污染物的政策应有助于降低这些污染物。持续监测母乳和普通食品中的持久性有机污染物，将为我们提供有关人类接触的重要信息，这对于跟踪我们的进展和进行未来的健康风险评估是必要的。
Dioxins are a family of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) listed under the Stockholm Convention, and include PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin-like PCBs. These toxic chemicals are carcinogenic, widely dispersed, and have long half-lives. They have contaminated the food web and, being fat-soluble, accumulate in adipose tissues and milk in the human body. To assess human exposure, we collected breast milk samples from 137 first-time mothers recruited from around Hong Kong. Samples were analysed by HRGC–HRMS in four pools, according to the subject's age and length of residency. Exposure was related to age, duration of stay, and possibly diet. Generally, older mothers, and mothers with a longer stay in Hong Kong, had higher levels of dioxins in their milk. This pattern was clearest for the PCBs, although deviations were observed for some of the PCDD/Fs. Mean concentrations, measured per gram of lipid weight in terms of WHO toxic equivalents (WHO-TEQs), were 7.48 pg/g for PCDD/Fs and 3.79 pg/g for PCBs, giving a total of 11.27 pg/g for PCDD/Fs and PCBs combined. Compared to an earlier Hong Kong study we conducted in 2002, the mean WHO-TEQ values in our latest findings were about 9% lower overall for PCDD/Fs and 19% lower for PCBs, with the mean total WHO-TEQ for PCDD/Fs and PCBs being around 13% lower in this study. This indicates a general declining trend in the levels of POPs in Hong Kong. However, our levels were still high when compared to those in some other Asian-Pacific countries. More stringent policies on reducing and eliminating POPs should help to lower these. Continued surveillance for POPs in human milk, as well as in common foodstuffs, will provide us with important information on human exposures that will be necessary for tracking our progress, and making future health risk assessments.