Mikhail Budyko's (1920-2001) contributions to Global Climate Science: from heat balances to climate change and global ecology
Mikhail Budyko's (1920-2001) contributions to Global Climate Science: from heat balances to climate change and global ecology
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米哈伊尔·布迪科（Mikhail Budyko，1920-2001）对全球气候科学的贡献：从热平衡到气候变化和全球生态
DOI：
10.1002/wcc.412
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发表时间：
2016
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Oldfield J
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作者：
Oldfield J
米哈伊尔·伊万诺维奇·布迪科（Mikhail Ivanovich Budyko，1920-2001）是一位苏联气候学家，他对气候变化的贡献在西方最为知名。他担任主地球物理观测站（以A.I.命名）的主任。他从1954年起在列宁格勒（圣彼得堡）担任苏联气候委员会主席，并在国际范围内推动苏联气候议程方面发挥了积极作用。Budyko在气候系统和全球生态学方面的工作发展的三个主要阶段（20世纪40年代末至80年代中期）被确定。第一个时期包括他早期致力于理解和量化低层大气和地球表面之间的相互关系的努力。他职业生涯的这一阶段的特点也是对区域和全球尺度过程的兴趣日益浓厚，并得到了气候学家，物理地理学家和其他同源科学家的合作工作的支持。第二阶段强调扩大他的全球兴趣，以便更深入地参与自然和人为的气候和环境变化。第三阶段反映了他对生物圈的扩展和进化方法的发展，以及他对气候在物理和生物过程的功能方面的形成作用的见解。此外，这一后期作品还展示了一种强烈的信念，即人类有能力明智地反思其对物理环境日益增长的影响，并做出适当的反应。WIRES Clim Change 2016，7：682-692。doi：10.1002/wcc.412这篇文章分类下：气候，历史，社会，文化>思想领袖
Mikhail Ivanovich Budyko (1920–2001) was a Soviet climatologist perhaps best known in the West for his contribution to understandings of climate change. He acted as director of the Main Geophysical Observatory (named after A.I. Voeikov) in Leningrad (St Petersburg) from 1954 and played an active role in advancing Soviet climate agendas within an international context. Three main stages in the development of Budyko's work related to climate systems and global ecology (late 1940s‐mid 1980s) are identified. The first period encompasses his early efforts devoted to understanding and quantifying the interrelationship between the lower atmosphere and the earth's surface. This stage of his career was also characterized by a growing interest in regional‐ and global‐scale processes, and was underpinned by collaborative work involving climatologists, physical geographers, and other cognate scientists. The second stage highlights the broadening of his global interest in order to engage more deeply with both natural and anthropogenic climatic and environmental change. The third stage reflects on the development of his expansive and evolutionary approach to the biosphere, and his insight into the formative role of climate with respect to the functioning of physical and biological processes. Furthermore, this later work also exhibited a strong belief in the ability of humankind to reflect wisely on its growing influence on the physical environment and respond appropriately.WIREs Clim Change2016, 7:682–692. doi: 10.1002/wcc.412This article is categorized under:Climate, History, Society, Culture > Thought Leaders