Coevolutionary dynamics of adaptive radiation for food-web development
Coevolutionary dynamics of adaptive radiation for food-web development
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DOI：
10.1007/s10144-008-0113-5
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Ikegami, Takashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ito, Hiroshi C.;Shimada, Masakazu;Ikegami, Takashi
为了研究复杂的食物网如何通过重复进化多样化而发展，分析了一个捕食者-食饵模型。在该模型中，每个个体都有两个特征：特征x是捕食者，特征y是猎物。这些性状构成了一个二维的表型空间，在这个空间中，整个个体群体被表示为一个表型分布。表型之间的捕食者-猎物交互作用由它们在表型空间中的相对位置决定。每个表型群被视为一个物种。每个物种都在y方向进化以逃避捕食，而在x方向上进化以追逐猎物。分析性调查提供了两个预测。首先，当捕食者的x赶上猎物的y时，y和x的联合进化多样化可能会发生，这种情况可能会重复。其次，当物种的竞争优势在群落内保持相似时，可能会形成复杂的食物网。当捕食者和被捕食者之间的关系符合理想自由分布(IFD)时，当功能反应接近比率依赖反应时，所有物种的竞争强度都是相似的。这些预测得到了数值模拟的证实。
To investigate how complex food-webs can develop through repeated evolutionary diversification, a predator-prey model was analyzed. In the model, each individual has two traits: trait x as a predator and trait y as a prey. These traits constitute a two-dimensional phenotype space, in which the whole group of individuals are represented as a phenotype distribution. Predator-prey interactions among the phenotypes are determined by their relative positions in the phenotype space. Each phenotypic cluster was treated as a species. Each species evolves in y to escape from predation, while it evolves in x to chase their prey. Analytical investigation provided two predictions. First, coupled evolutionary diversifications of y and x may occur when the x of predators have caught up with their prey's y, which may be repeated. Second, complex food-webs may develop when species' competitive strengths are kept similar within the communities. If the functional response is close to the ratio-dependent response, the competitive strengths of all species are similar when the relationship between predators and prey corresponds to the ideal free distribution (IFD). These predictions were confirmed by numerical simulations.