Shape-controlled synthesis of PbS nanocrystals via a simple one-step process.
Shape-controlled synthesis of PbS nanocrystals via a simple one-step process.
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DOI：
10.1021/la303738u
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发表时间：
2012-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yu Wang;A. Tang;Kai Li;Chunhe Yang;Miao Wang;H. Ye;Yanbing Hou;F. Teng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yu Wang;A. Tang;Kai Li;Chunhe Yang;Miao Wang;H. Ye;Yanbing Hou;F. Teng
采用一步胶体法制备了八面体、星形、立方、截头八面体、截头立方等不同形状的面心立方PbS纳米晶体。这种方法的特点是避免了任何有机金属前体的预合成和有毒磷化氢剂的注射。在反应的初始阶段形成层状的中间化合物（硫代铅），它有效地作为前体分解成PbS纳米晶体。通过改变反应时间、反应物浓度、反应温度和表面活性剂的用量，可以很容易地控制PbS纳米晶体的大小和形状。特别地，除了十二硫醇以外的其他表面活性剂，如油胺、油酸和十八烯，在产品的形状控制中起着重要作用。根据纳米晶体在不同表面活性剂作用下的不同生长方向，提出了不同形状PbS纳米晶体的可能形成机理。该方法为合成PbS纳米晶体提供了一种简单、低成本、高可重复性的工艺，可能在光伏器件和光电探测器的制造中有潜在的应用。
A one-step colloidal process was adopted to prepare face-centered-cubic PbS nanocrystals with different shapes such as octahedral, starlike, cubic, truncated octahedral, and truncated cubic. The features of this approach avoid the presynthesis of any organometallic precursor and the injection of a toxic phosphine agent. A layered intermediate compound (lead thiolate) forms in the initial stage of the reaction, which effectively acts as the precursor to decompose into the PbS nanocrystals. The size and shape of the PbS nanocrystals can be easily controlled by varying the reaction time, the reactant concentrations, the reaction temperatures, and the amount of surfactants. In particular, additional surfactants other than dodecanethiol, such as oleylamine, oleic acid, and octadecene, play an important role in the shape control of the products. The possible formation mechanism for the PbS nanocrystals with various shapes is presented on the basis of the different growth directions of the nanocrystals with the assistance of the different surfactants. This method provides a facile, low-cost, highly reproducible process for the synthesis of PbS nanocrystals that may have potential applications in the fabrication of photovoltaic devices and photodetectors.