DESIGN OF PHYSICAL EXPERIMENTS (STATISTICAL METHODS)
DESIGN OF PHYSICAL EXPERIMENTS (STATISTICAL METHODS)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/prop.19680160602
复制
发表时间：
1968-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
PAZMAN, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FEDOROV, VV;PAZMAN, A
在目前理论和实验技术发展的情况下，物理学的许多研究，特别是关于基本粒子性质的研究，都需要进行复杂、昂贵和扩展的实验。实际经验表明，在大多数情况下，通过数理统计方法设计此类实验，可以使用可用的方法（例如，G.时间，金钱和材料）比被动（非计划）实验更有效。鉴于此，更广泛地应用数学方法设计实验就显得十分必要。本文综述了现有的设计实验的方法，并以一种通用的形式加以描述。本文主要介绍弹性散射相移分析实验和微分有效截面测量实验。为简单起见，这些示例以示意图的方式呈现。这些例子是从核物理学领域中挑选出来的，这不是偶然的，而是因为这一领域的实验特别昂贵。与KLEPIKOV和SOKOLOV（1961）的书中只有一章讨论物理实验的计划相比，本文包含的问题范围更广。
In the present state of the development of theory and experimental techniques many investigations in physics, especially those concerning the properties of elementary particles, require, sophisticated, expensive, and extended experiments to be performed. Actual experience shows that the design of such experiments by the methods of mathematical statistics allows, in most cases, to use the available means (e. g. time, money, and material) more effectively than in passive (non‐planned) experiments. In view of this a more extensive application of the mathematical methods for designing experiments becomes necessary.In this review the existing methods of designing experiments are described in a universally accessible form. Examples concerning mainly experiments on the phase shift analysis of elastic scattering and measurements of differential effective cross sections are considered in this review. For simplicity, these examples are presented schematically. The examples are selected from the domain of nuclear physics not by chance but because experiments in this region are specially expensive. In comparison with the book by KLEPIKOVand SOKOLOV(1961) containing one chapter on the planning of physical experiments, the present paper embraces a wider variety of problems.