Immigration dynamics of tropical and subtropical Southeast Asian limestone karst floras
Immigration dynamics of tropical and subtropical Southeast Asian limestone karst floras
复制标题
东南亚热带、亚热带石灰岩喀斯特植物区系的移民动态
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2021.1308
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发表时间：
2022-01-12
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Wang, Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Xiao-Qian;Xiang, Xiao-Guo;Wang, Wei
物种的迁地起源和扩散在岛屿型生物多样性热点聚集过程中起着重要作用。东南亚岛屿石灰岩岩溶是生物多样性和特有性的热点，但其独特的植物区系的移民过程仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们使用苦苣苔科作为代理调查热带和亚热带东南亚喀斯特植物区系的移民动态。我们提出了最全面的系统发育分析的旧世界gesneriads到目前为止的基础上12个位点。通过估算分歧时间和重建祖先状态（生境、土壤类型和分布范围），我们发现，向亚热带东南亚岩溶植物群的移民最早发生在早中新世，在早中新世-中中新世和上新世-早更新世有两个高峰，而向热带东南亚岩溶的移民始于始新世晚期，在晚渐新世和晚中新世有两个高峰。我们还发现，东南亚喀斯特生物多样性包括移民预适应的血统和当地酸性土壤祖先的后代，虽然生态位从酸性土壤到喀斯特在热带东南亚岛屿缺乏。这项研究推进了我们对东南亚喀斯特植物区系历史组合的理解。
Ex situ origins and dispersal of taxa have played important roles in the assembly of island-like biodiversity hotspots. Insular limestone karsts in Southeast Asia are hotspots of biodiversity and endemism, but the immigration processes of their unique floras are still poorly known. Here, we used Gesneriaceae as a proxy to investigate the immigration dynamics of tropical and subtropical Southeast Asian karst floras. We present the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Old World gesneriads to date based on twelve loci. By estimating divergence times and reconstructing ancestral states (habitat, soil type and range), we found that immigration into subtropical Southeast Asian karst floras first occurred in the Early Miocene, with two peaks in the Early–Middle Miocene and the Pliocene–Early Pleistocene, whereas immigration into tropical Southeast Asian karsts initiated in the Late Eocene, with two peaks in the Late Oligocene and the Late Miocene. We also discover that Southeast Asian karst biodiversity comprises immigrant pre-adapted lineages and descendants from local acid soil ancestors, although niche shift from acid soil to karst in tropical Southeast Asian islands was lacking. This study advances our understanding of the historical assembly of Southeast Asian karst floras.