Exploring the Role of the Built and Social Neighborhood Environment in Moderating Stress and Health
Exploring the Role of the Built and Social Neighborhood Environment in Moderating Stress and Health
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DOI：
10.1007/s12160-010-9175-7
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Yang, Tse-Chuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matthews, Stephen A.;Yang, Tse-Chuan
健康研究人员已经探索了社区特征的不同方面对健康和福祉的影响，但目前对建筑环境因素的理解有限。本研究探讨压力与健康之间的关系是否因居住社区而异，如果是，是否建成和社会社区环境特征起调节作用。本研究采用多层次模型和地理空间数据衍生的变量来探讨邻里环境在调节压力与健康关联中的作用。个人层面的数据（N = 4093）来自宾夕法尼亚州费城县45个社区的居民，作为2006年费城健康管理公司家庭健康调查的一部分收集。我们发现，高压力的负面影响因社区而异，居住稳定性和富裕程度（社会特征）减弱了高压力与健康的关联，危险废物设施的存在（建筑环境特征）通过增强与压力的关联来调节健康。我们的研究结果表明，在调整个体特征后，邻里环境与健康既有直接的联系，也有缓和的联系。地理空间数据的使用可以拓宽压力-健康研究的范围，并通过理清建筑环境和社会环境、压力和健康之间错综复杂的关系来推进知识的发展。特别是，未来的研究应将建筑环境特征纳入健康相关研究；这些特征是可以修改的，可以促进健康促进政策。
Health researchers have explored how different aspects of neighborhood characteristics contribute to health and well-being, but current understanding of built environment factors is limited.This study explores whether the association between stress and health varies by residential neighborhood, and if yes, whether built and social neighborhood environment characteristics act as moderators.This study uses multilevel modeling and variables derived from geospatial data to explore the role of neighborhood environment in moderating the association of stress with health. Individual-level data (N = 4,093) were drawn from residents of 45 neighborhoods within Philadelphia County, PA, collected as part of the 2006 Philadelphia Health Management Corporation's Household Health Survey.We find that the negative influence of high stress varied by neighborhood, that residential stability and affluence (social characteristics) attenuated the association of high stress with health, and that the presence of hazardous waste facilities (built environment characteristics) moderated health by enhancing the association with stress.Our findings suggest that neighborhood environment has both direct and moderating associations with health, after adjusting for individual characteristics. The use of geospatial data could broaden the scope of stress-health research and advance knowledge by untangling the intertwined relationship between built and social environments, stress, and health. In particular, future studies should integrate built environment characteristics in health-related research; these characteristics are modifiable and can facilitate health promotion policies.