M1 and M2 Macrophages Polarization via mTORC1 Influences Innate Immunity and Outcome of Ehrlichia Infection.
M1 and M2 Macrophages Polarization via mTORC1 Influences Innate Immunity and Outcome of Ehrlichia Infection.
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DOI：
10.33696/immunology.2.029
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ismail, Nahed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ahmed, Ibrahim;Ismail, Nahed
人类单核埃利希体病 (HME) 是一种新出现的危及生命的蜱传疾病，由专性细胞内细菌恰菲埃利希体引起。 HME 通常表现为一种非特异性流感样疾病，其特征是发烧、头痛、不适和肌痛。然而，在某些情况下，该疾病可能发展为严重形式，通常以急性肝损伤为标志，随后出现多器官衰竭和中毒性休克样综合征[1-3]。巨噬细胞和单核细胞是埃里希体的主要靶细胞，尽管这种细菌可以感染其他细胞类型，例如肝细胞和内皮细胞[4]。在本文中，我们讨论巨噬细胞极化为 M1 或 M2 表型如何决定埃利希体病的严重程度和感染的结果。我们还将讨论调节这种极化的潜在机制。
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) is an emerging life-threatening tick-borne disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis. HME is often presented as a nonspecific flu-like illness characterized by presence of fever, headache, malaise, and myalgia. However, in some cases the disease can evolve to a severe form, which is commonly marked by acute liver injury followed by multi-organ failure and toxic shock-like syndrome [1-3]. Macrophages and monocytes are the major target cells for Ehrlichia, although this bacterium can infect other cell types such as hepatocytes and endothelial cells [4]. In this article, we discuss how macrophages polarization to M1 or M2 phenotypes dictate the severity of ehrlichiosis and the outcome of infection. We will also discuss the potential mechanisms that regulate such polarization.