Geohydrologic framework and hydrologic conditions in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico
Geohydrologic framework and hydrologic conditions in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico
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新墨西哥州中部阿尔伯克基盆地的地质水文框架和水文条件
DOI：
10.3133/wri934149
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. M. Kernodle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. R. Thorn;D. McAda;J. M. Kernodle
本报告描述了新墨西哥州科奇蒂和圣阿卡西亚之间的中里奥格兰德盆地内圣达菲群含水层系统的三维有限差分地下水流模型。含水层系统由中第三纪至第四纪的圣达菲群和第四纪后圣达菲群的河谷和盆地充填沉积物组成。自 20 世纪 40 年代以来，该盆地的人口增长导致含水层系统的地下水开采量急剧增加，导致地下水位大幅下降。由于格兰德河与含水层系统有水力连接，这些地下水的抽取也减少了格兰德河的流量。对流域水资源的关注导致制定了流域研究计划，重点关注地下水和地表水的水文相互作用（McAda, D.P., 1996, 量化新墨西哥州中部阿尔伯克基附近格兰德河和圣达菲集团含水层系统之间水文关系的研究计划：美国地质调查局水资源调查报告 96-4006, 58 p.)。随后，美国地质调查局和其他机构资助并开展了一项多年的研究工作（Bartolino, J.R., and Cole, J.C., 2002, Ground-water resources of the Middle Rio Grande Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1222, 132 p.）。本报告中描述的建模工作融合了这项工作的大部分结果，是这项多年研究的结晶。该模型的目的是（1）整合地下水流系统的组成部分，包括流域内地表水系统之间的水文相互作用，以更好地了解流域的地质水文学；（2）提供一个工具来帮助水管理者规划和管理流域水资源的使用。含水层系统由九个模型层代表，从地下水位延伸到前圣达菲群基岩，最远低于 NGVD 29 9,000 英尺。水平网格包含 156 行和 80 列，每列间隔 3,281 英尺（1 公里）。该模型模拟了1900年至2000年3月1个稳态和52个历史应力期的开发前稳态条件和历史瞬态条件。模拟1990年之前的年平均条件，模拟1990年至2000年3月的季节（冬季和灌溉季节）条件。该模型模拟山前、支流和地下补给；运河、灌溉和化粪池渗漏；和地下水抽取作为指定的流量边界。该模型模拟格兰德河、河畔排水沟、杰梅斯河、杰梅斯峡谷水库、科奇蒂湖、河岸蒸散量和内部排水沟作为水头相关的流量边界。地下水流模型中代表圣达菲群含水层系统的水文特性包括水平导水率、垂直导水率、比储存量和比产量。将可变水平各向异性应用于模型，以便在模型的大部分区域，南北方向（沿模型列）的水力传导率大于东西方向（沿模型行）的水力传导率。模拟这种水平各向异性模式是为了反映大部分模拟区域断层的大致南北方向。由于水平各向异性可变，模型中的水平水力传导率范围为每天 0.05 至 60 英尺。垂直导水率在模型中指定为水平与垂直各向异性比（在模型中计算为 150:1）乘以沿行的水平导水率。模型中的具体存储量估计为每英尺 2 x 10-6。比产率估计为 0.2（无量纲）。地下水流模型是一种可以整合水文边界条件、含水层材料、含水层应力和含水层系统响应之间复杂相互作用的工具。该地下水流模型合理地表示了流域的地质水文过程，并模拟了许多历史测量的流量和水位趋势。通过模拟这些复杂的相互作用，本报告中描述的地下水流模型可以提供一种工具来帮助水资源管理者规划和管理流域水资源的使用。然而，没有一个地下水模型是独一无二的，并且仍然存在许多不确定性来源。当将此模型的结果用于任何特定问题时，应考虑这些不确定性。资料来源：McAda，D.P.和佩吉·巴罗尔。新墨西哥州科奇蒂和圣阿卡西亚之间的格兰德河中部地下水流模拟。美国地质调查局水资源调查报告 02-4200，2002 年。
This report describes a three-dimensional, finite difference, ground-water-flow model of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system within the Middle Rio Grande Basin between Cochiti and San Acacia, New Mexico. The aquifer system is composed of the Santa Fe Group of middle Tertiary to Quaternary age and post-Santa Fe Group valley and basin-fill deposits of Quaternary age. Population increases in the basin since the 1940's have caused dramatic increases in ground-water withdrawals from the aquifer system, resulting in large ground-water-level declines. Because the Rio Grande is hydraulically connected to the aquifer system, these ground-water withdrawals have also decreased flow in the Rio Grande. Concern about water resources in the basin led to the development of a research plan for the basin focused on the hydrologic interaction of ground water and surface water (McAda, D.P., 1996, Plan of study to quantify the hydrologic relation between the Rio Grande and the Santa Fe Group aquifer system near Albuquerque, central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4006, 58 p.). A multiyear research effort followed, funded and conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey and other agencies (Bartolino, J.R., and Cole, J.C., 2002, Ground-water resources of the Middle Rio Grande Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1222, 132 p.). The modeling work described in this report incorporates the results of much of this work and is the culmination of this multiyear study. The purpose of the model is (1) to integrate the components of the ground-water-flow system, including the hydrologic interaction between the surface-water systems in the basin, to better understand the geohydrology of the basin and (2) to provide a tool to help water managers plan for and administer the use of basin water resources. The aquifer system is represented by nine model layers extending from the water table to the preSanta Fe Group basement rocks, as much as 9,000 feet below the NGVD 29. The horizontal grid contains 156 rows and 80 columns, each spaced 3,281 feet (1 kilometer) apart. The model simulates predevelopment steady-state conditions and historical transient conditions from 1900 to March 2000 in 1 steady-state and 52 historical stress periods. Average annual conditions are simulated prior to 1990, and seasonal (winter and irrigation season) conditions are simulated from 1990 to March 2000. The model simulates mountain-front, tributary, and subsurface recharge; canal, irrigation, and septicfield seepage; and ground-water withdrawal as specified-flow boundaries. The model simulates the Rio Grande, riverside drains, Jemez River, Jemez Canyon Reservoir, Cochiti Lake, riparian evapotranspiration, and interior drains as head-dependent flow boundaries. Hydrologic properties representing the Santa Fe Group aquifer system in the groundwater-flow model are horizontal hydraulic conductivity, vertical hydraulic conductivity, specific storage, and specific yield. Variable horizontal anisotropy is applied to the model so that hydraulic conductivity in the north-south direction (along model columns) is greater than hydraulic conductivity in the east-west direction (along model rows) over much of the model. This pattern of horizontal anisotropy was simulated to reflect the generally north-south orientation of faulting over much of the modeled area. With variable horizontal anisotropy, horizontal hydraulic conductivities in the model range from 0.05 to 60 feet per day. Vertical hydraulic conductivity is specified in the model as a horizontal to vertical anisotropy ratio (calculated to be 150:1 in the model) multiplied by the horizontal hydraulic conductivity along rows. Specific storage was estimated to be 2 x 10-6 per foot in the model. Specific yield was estimated to be 0.2 (dimensionless). A ground-water-flow model is a tool that can integrate the complex interactions of hydrologic boundary conditions, aquifer materials, aquifer stresses, and aquifer-system responses. This groundwater-flow model provides a reasonable representation of the geohydrologic processes of the basin and simulates many historically measured trends in flow and water levels. By simulating these complex interactions, the ground-waterflowmodel described in this report can provide a tool to help water managers plan for and administer the use of basin water resources. Nevertheless, no ground-water model is unique, and numerous sources of uncertainty remain. When using results from this model for any specific problem, those uncertainties should be taken into consideration. Source: McAda, D.P. and Peggy Barroll. Simulation of Ground-water Flow in the Middle Rio Grande Between Cochiti and San Acacia, New Mexico. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 02-4200, 2002.