Exercise, cognitive function, and aging
Exercise, cognitive function, and aging
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DOI：
10.1152/advan.00101.2014
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Barnes, Jill N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnes, Jill N.
延长人口寿命往往是一个国家成功的标志。随着65岁以上人口比例的增加，管理这一人口的健康和独立性是一个持续的问题。随着年龄的增长，认知功能下降，最终影响生活质量。了解衰老对脑血流和认知的潜在不利影响可能有助于确定减轻这些影响的有效策略。锻炼可能是预防或延缓认知能力下降的一种策略。这篇综述描述了衰老如何与心血管疾病风险、血管功能障碍和阿尔茨海默病病理学的增加相关。它还将讨论老化对脑血管生理学、脑灌注和脑萎缩率的可能影响。临床上，这些变化将表现为认知功能下降、神经退行性变和痴呆症的发作。有规律的运动已被证明可以改善认知功能，我们假设这是通过血管生理学的有益适应和神经血管耦合的改善而发生的。这篇综述强调了年龄相关变量如何影响认知的潜在相互作用和想法，并可能通过定期锻炼来调节。
Increasing the lifespan of a population is often a marker of a country's success. With the percentage of the population over 65 yr of age expanding, managing the health and independence of this population is an ongoing concern. Advancing age is associated with a decrease in cognitive function that ultimately affects quality of life. Understanding potential adverse effects of aging on brain blood flow and cognition may help to determine effective strategies to mitigate these effects on the population. Exercise may be one strategy to prevent or delay cognitive decline. This review describes how aging is associated with cardiovascular disease risks, vascular dysfunction, and increasing Alzheimer's disease pathology. It will also discuss the possible effects of aging on cerebral vascular physiology, cerebral perfusion, and brain atrophy rates. Clinically, these changes will present as reduced cognitive function, neurodegeneration, and the onset of dementia. Regular exercise has been shown to improve cognitive function, and we hypothesize that this occurs through beneficial adaptations in vascular physiology and improved neurovascular coupling. This review highlights the potential interactions and ideas of how the age-associated variables may affect cognition and may be moderated by regular exercise.