Basic symptoms and the prediction of first-episode psychosis.
Basic symptoms and the prediction of first-episode psychosis.
复制标题
首发精神病的基本症状和预测。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
J. Klosterkötter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Schultze;S. Ruhrmann;P. Fusar;A. Bechdolf;B. Schimmelmann;J. Klosterkötter
最近对精神病早期检测和干预的关注重新引起了人们对阳性和阴性症状之外的微妙精神病理学的兴趣。这种自我经历的亚临床障碍通过基本症状概念进行了详细描述。本综述将介绍基本症状的概念，并描述当前评估工具的开发，即成人精神分裂症倾向工具（SPI-A）和儿童和青少年版本（SPI-CY），以及两个高风险标准：高风险标准认知感知基本症状（COPER）和高风险标准认知障碍（COGDIS）。此外，还将概述使用基本症状标准和与这些标准相关的转换率的前瞻性研究，并将讨论结合超高风险标准（特别是减轻精神病症状）和基本症状标准的潜在益处。最后，将描述它们在精神病患者中的患病率，即敏感性，以及在一般人群样本中的患病率。结论是 COPER 和 COGDIS 都能够识别罹患精神病的高风险对象。此外，它们在第一次精神病发作之前似乎足够频繁，并且在一般人群中足够罕见，因此被认为对于早期发现精神病有价值。
Recent focus on early detection and intervention in psychosis has renewed interest in subtle psychopathology beyond positive and negative symptoms. Such self-experienced sub-clinical disturbances are described in detail by the basic symptom concept. This review will give an introduction into the concept of basic symptoms and describe the development of the current instruments for their assessment, the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Adult (SPI-A) and Child and Youth version (SPI-CY), as well as of the two at-risk criteria: the at-risk criterion Cognitive-Perceptive Basic Symptoms (COPER) and the high-risk criterion Cognitive Disturbances (COGDIS). Further, an overview of prospective studies using both or either basic symptom criteria and transition rates related to these will be given, and the potential benefit of combining ultra-high risk criteria, particularly attenuated psychotic symptoms, and basic symptom criteria will be discussed. Finally, their prevalence in psychosis patients, i.e. the sensitivity, as well as in general population samples will be described. It is concluded that both COPER and COGDIS are able to identify subjects at a high risk of developing psychosis. Further, they appear to be sufficiently frequent prior to onset of the first psychotic episode as well as sufficiently rare in persons of general population to be considered as valuable for an early detection of psychosis.