Review on Recent Progress in Near-Field Tsunami Forecasting Using Offshore Tsunami Measurements: Source Inversion and Data Assimilation
Review on Recent Progress in Near-Field Tsunami Forecasting Using Offshore Tsunami Measurements: Source Inversion and Data Assimilation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00024-021-02910-z
复制
发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Y. Wang-;H. Tsushima;K. Satake;P. Navarrete
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Wang-;H. Tsushima;K. Satake;P. Navarrete
传统的海啸预报方法是基于地震观测。近海观测装置的发展使得利用近海海啸测量提供早期预警成为可能。本文综述了面向海啸资料的预报方法，主要有两类：海啸源反演和海啸资料同化。在第一种类型中，近海海啸测量用于增强和加速传统的海啸源反演方法。讨论了海啸源估计的有效性和不确定性。第二类是海啸资料同化，它不考虑震源，直接重建波场并进行预报。我们审查的技术，通过提高数据同化的速度和精度，并确定最佳设计的海底压力计（OBPG）网络。对于面向海啸数据的预报方法来说，真实的准确地提取海啸信号是非常重要的，特别是当OBPG位于震源区域内时。
Traditional tsunami forecasting methods are based on seismic observations. The development of offshore observational devices makes it possible to utilize offshore tsunami measurements for providing early warnings. This paper reviews the tsunami data-oriented forecasting methods of two main types: tsunami source inversion and tsunami data assimilation. In the first type, offshore tsunami measurements are used to enhance and speed up the traditional tsunami source inversion methods. The effectiveness and uncertainties of the tsunami source estimation are discussed. In the second type, tsunami data assimilation, the wavefield is directly reconstructed and forecasted without considering the source. We review the techniques that are adopted to improve the speed and accuracy of data assimilation and to determine the optimal design for an ocean bottom pressure gauge (OBPG) network. It is important for tsunami data-oriented forecasting methods to accurately extract tsunami signal in real time, particularly when the OBPG is located inside the source area.