Thoughts on Expertise
Thoughts on Expertise
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关于专业知识的思考
DOI：
10.21236/ada157394
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
R. Glaser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Glaser
摘要：在知识丰富的领域，包括发展研究，人工智能工作，专家/新手解决问题的研究，以及能力倾向测试任务的信息处理分析的任务的研究提供了更多的了解专业知识的性质。特别明显的是，发现组织的知识结构，使高水平的能力的特点的认知过程。本文简要回顾了这项研究，并列出了一组命题，总结了研究结论以及更广泛的推论和猜测。保留字：专业知识的获得，能力倾向测试表现，人工智能，认知技能的获得，特定领域问题的获得，专家/新手问题解决，启发式，元认知能力。
Abstract : Research on tasks in knowledge-rich domains including developmental studies , work in artificial intelligence, studies of expert/novice problem solving, and information-processing analyses of aptitude test tasks have provided increased understanding of the nature of expertise. Particularly evident is the finding that structures of organized knowledge enable the cognitive processes characteristic of high levels of competence. This paper briefly reviews this research and lists a set of propositions that summarize conclusions from research as well as broader inferences and speculations. Keywords: Acquisition of expertise, Aptitude test performance, Artificial intelligence, Cognitive skill acquisition, Domain-specific problem acquisition, Expert/novice problem solving, Heuristics, Metacognitive abilities.