The role of cytokines in cartilage matrix degeneration in osteoarthritis
The role of cytokines in cartilage matrix degeneration in osteoarthritis
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DOI：
10.1097/01.blo.0000144854.66565.8f
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发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Goldring, MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldring, SR;Goldring, MB
软骨细胞是透明软骨的单细胞成分。在生理条件下，它们表现出合成代谢和分解代谢活性之间的稳态平衡，维持软骨细胞外基质的结构和功能完整性。与骨关节炎相关的软骨基质损失中隐含的是，存在对驻留软骨细胞的合成（合成代谢）和再吸收（分解代谢）活性的调节的干扰，其导致软骨基质组分的净损失以及软骨的结构和功能性质的劣化。OA中软骨细胞重塑活动的干扰可能涉及多种机制。它们包括软骨细胞功能的获得性或年龄相关性改变的发展，过度机械负荷的影响，以及细胞因子活性失调的存在。细胞因子是在介导细胞-细胞相互作用中起重要作用的可溶性或细胞表面分子。可以将调节软骨重塑的细胞因子分类为分解代谢的，作用于靶细胞以增加增强基质降解的产物;抗分解代谢的，倾向于抑制或拮抗分解代谢细胞因子的活性;以及合成代谢的，作用于软骨细胞以增加合成活性。本文将重点介绍促炎细胞因子的作用及其在介导骨关节炎软骨病变的特征性基质降解增加中的作用。
Chondrocytes are the single cellular component of hyaline cartilage. Under physiologic conditions, they show steady-state equilibrium between anabolic and catabolic activities that maintains the structural and functional integrity of the cartilage extracellular matrix. Implicit in the loss of cartilage matrix that is associated with osteoarthritis is that there is a disturbance in the regulation of synthetic (anabolic) and resorptive (catabolic) activities of the resident chondrocytes that results in a net loss of cartilage matrix components and deterioration in the structural and functional properties of the cartilage. Multiple mechanisms likely are involved in the disturbance of chondrocyte remodeling activities in OA. They include the development of acquired or age-related alterations in chondrocyte function, the effects of excessive mechanical loading, and the presence of dysregulated cytokine activities. Cytokines are soluble or cell-surface molecules that play an essential role in mediating cell-cell interactions. It is possible to classify the cytokines that regulate cartilage remodeling as catabolic, acting on target cells to increase products that enhance matrix degradation; as anticatabolic, tending to inhibit or antagonize the activity of the catabolic cytokines; and as anabolic, acting on chondrocytes to increase synthetic activity. This review will focus on the role of proinflammatory cytokines and their roles in mediating the increased matrix degradation that characterizes the osteoarthritic cartilage lesion.