The Slow Slip of Viscous Faults

The Slow Slip of Viscous Faults
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粘性断层的缓慢滑动

DOI:
10.1029/2018jb016294
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dublanchet, Pierre
Dublanchet, Pierre
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Viesca, Robert C.;Dublanchet, Pierre

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我们研究了一个简单的机制,瞬态,慢滑的时空演变。我们考虑位于弹性连续体中的断层上的滑动问题,其强度与滑动速率成正比。这种速率依赖性可能对应于粘性变形剪切区或非线性、速率依赖性断层强度的线性化。我们研究这样的故障的外部强迫,如局部增加剪切应力或孔隙流体压力的响应。我们表明,滑移和滑移率是由一种类型的扩散方程,其中的解决方案是使用绿色函数的方法。我们推导出滑动或滑动率的长时间自相似渐近展开式,它依赖于λ和一个相似坐标η=x/t,其中x表示断层位置。相似坐标显示了与经典扩散的偏离,并且归因于弹性半空间之间的界面上的点之间的弹性相互作用的非局部性质。我们证明了几个例子问题的解决方案和渐近分析。在突然施加载荷后,我们发现滑移率最终衰减为1/t,同时按比例传播tot,这意味着位移的对数累积和恒定的力矩率。我们讨论了震后滑动模型以及自发出现的慢滑动事件的影响。
We examine a simple mechanism for the spatiotemporal evolution of transient, slow slip. We consider the problem of slip on a fault that lies within an elastic continuum and whose strength is proportional to sliding rate. This rate dependence may correspond to a viscously deforming shear zone or the linearization of a nonlinear, rate‐dependent fault strength. We examine the response of such a fault to external forcing, such as local increases in shear stress or pore fluid pressure. We show that the slip and slip rate are governed by a type of diffusion equation, the solution of which is found using a Green's function approach. We derive the long‐time, self‐similar asymptotic expansion for slip or slip rate, which depend on both timetand a similarity coordinateη=x/t, wherexdenotes fault position. The similarity coordinate shows a departure from classical diffusion and is owed to the nonlocal nature of elastic interaction among points on an interface between elastic half‐spaces. We demonstrate the solution and asymptotic analysis of several example problems. Following sudden impositions of loading, we show that slip rate ultimately decays as 1/twhile spreading proportionally tot, implying both a logarithmic accumulation of displacement and a constant moment rate. We discuss the implication for models of postseismic slip as well as spontaneously emerging slow slip events.
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