A New Clade of Insect-Specific Flaviviruses from Australian Anopheles Mosquitoes Displays Species-Specific Host Restriction.
A New Clade of Insect-Specific Flaviviruses from Australian Anopheles Mosquitoes Displays Species-Specific Host Restriction.
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DOI：
10.1128/msphere.00262-17
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发表时间：
2017-07
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Hall RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colmant AMG;Hobson-Peters J;Bielefeldt-Ohmann H;van den Hurk AF;Hall-Mendelin S;Chow WK;Johansen CA;Fros J;Simmonds P;Watterson D;Cazier C;Etebari K;Asgari S;Schulz BL;Beebe N;Vet LJ;Piyasena TBH;Nguyen HD;Barnard RT;Hall RA
黄病毒，如登革热、寨卡病毒或西尼罗河病毒，每年感染数百万人，并通过受感染的蚊子叮咬传播给人类。黄病毒的一个子集只能在蚊子宿主中复制，最近的研究表明，一些黄病毒可以干扰蚊子体内的致病性黄病毒，限制后者的复制和传播。本文报道的昆虫特异性黄病毒（ISFs）形成了与伊蚊和库蚊相关的ISF分支分离的一个新的按蚊相关分支。每个蚊子属的不同分支的鉴定为黄病毒的进化和生态学提供了新的见解。其中一种病毒被证明在蚊子宿主的中肠中复制，并表现出迄今为止报道的isf最特化的宿主限制。了解isf中这种前所未有的宿主限制可能有助于确定黄病毒进化及其作为蚊媒病原体出现的机制。黄病毒是一种在世界各地发现的节肢动物传播的病毒，是导致重大人类和兽医疾病的原因，包括登革热、寨卡病毒和西尼罗热。有些黄病毒是昆虫特有的，只在蚊子体内复制。我们报道了一组来自按蚊的昆虫特异性黄病毒，它们不会在节肢动物细胞系或异源按蚊物种中复制，对其宿主物种表现出前所未有的特化。通过对Karumba病毒（KRBV）、Haslams Creek病毒和Mac Peak病毒（McPV）这三种在某些按蚊种群中高流行的病毒的RNA基因组全序列的测定，以及在宿主蚊种中检测到的病毒特异性蛋白、复制双链RNA和小干扰RNA反应，提供了在蚊子中肠中存在功能性复制病毒的有力证据。KRBV和McPV序列的核苷酸组成分析也揭示了一种与病毒进化到只在昆虫中复制一致的模式。这些发现代表了我们对蚊媒黄病毒生态学、宿主限制和进化的认识取得了重大进展。黄病毒，如登革热、寨卡病毒或西尼罗河病毒，每年感染数百万人，并通过受感染的蚊子叮咬传播给人类。黄病毒的一个子集只能在蚊子宿主中复制，最近的研究表明，一些黄病毒可以干扰蚊子体内的致病性黄病毒，限制后者的复制和传播。本文报道的昆虫特异性黄病毒（ISFs）形成了与伊蚊和库蚊相关的ISF分支分离的一个新的按蚊相关分支。每个蚊子属的不同分支的鉴定为黄病毒的进化和生态学提供了新的见解。其中一种病毒被证明在蚊子宿主的中肠中复制，并表现出迄今为止报道的isf最特化的宿主限制。了解isf中这种前所未有的宿主限制可能有助于确定黄病毒进化及其作为蚊媒病原体出现的机制。
Flaviviruses like dengue, Zika, or West Nile virus infect millions of people each year and are transmitted to humans via infected-mosquito bites. A subset of flaviviruses can only replicate in the mosquito host, and recent studies have shown that some can interfere with pathogenic flaviviruses in mosquitoes and limit the replication and transmission of the latter. The insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) reported here form a new Anopheles mosquito-associated clade separate from the Aedes- and Culex-associated ISF clades. The identification of distinct clades for each mosquito genus provides new insights into the evolution and ecology of flaviviruses. One of these viruses was shown to replicate in the midgut of the mosquito host and exhibit the most specialized host restriction reported to date for ISFs. Understanding this unprecedented host restriction in ISFs could help identify the mechanisms involved in the evolution of flaviviruses and their emergence as mosquito-borne pathogens. Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne viruses found worldwide and are responsible for significant human and veterinary diseases, including dengue, Zika, and West Nile fever. Some flaviviruses are insect specific and replicate only in mosquitoes. We report a genetically divergent group of insect-specific flaviviruses from Anopheles mosquitoes that do not replicate in arthropod cell lines or heterologous Anopheles species, exhibiting unprecedented specialization for their host species. Determination of the complete sequences of the RNA genomes of three of these viruses, Karumba virus (KRBV), Haslams Creek virus, and Mac Peak virus (McPV), that are found in high prevalence in some Anopheles mosquito populations and detection of virus-specific proteins, replicative double-stranded RNA, and small interfering RNA responses in the host mosquito species provided strong evidence of a functional replicating virus in the mosquito midgut. Analysis of nucleotide composition in the KRBV and McPV sequences also revealed a pattern consistent with the virus evolving to replicate only in insects. These findings represent a significant advance in our knowledge of mosquito-borne flavivirus ecology, host restriction, and evolution. IMPORTANCE Flaviviruses like dengue, Zika, or West Nile virus infect millions of people each year and are transmitted to humans via infected-mosquito bites. A subset of flaviviruses can only replicate in the mosquito host, and recent studies have shown that some can interfere with pathogenic flaviviruses in mosquitoes and limit the replication and transmission of the latter. The insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) reported here form a new Anopheles mosquito-associated clade separate from the Aedes- and Culex-associated ISF clades. The identification of distinct clades for each mosquito genus provides new insights into the evolution and ecology of flaviviruses. One of these viruses was shown to replicate in the midgut of the mosquito host and exhibit the most specialized host restriction reported to date for ISFs. Understanding this unprecedented host restriction in ISFs could help identify the mechanisms involved in the evolution of flaviviruses and their emergence as mosquito-borne pathogens.