Alterations in the Porcine Colon Microbiota Induced by the Gastrointestinal Nematode Trichuris suis
Alterations in the Porcine Colon Microbiota Induced by the Gastrointestinal Nematode Trichuris suis
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DOI：
10.1128/iai.00141-12
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Urban, Joseph F., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Robert W.;Wu, Sitao;Urban, Joseph F., Jr.
蠕虫寄生虫通过抑制炎症的机制来调节宿主免疫，以确保它们的生存。这些特性最近已被用于治疗人类疾病。肠腔的生物复杂性表明，寄生虫和肠道微生物群之间的相互作用也会影响炎症。在这项研究中，我们使用基于16S rRNA基因和全基因组鸟枪(WGS)测序的方法，研究了猪近端结肠微生物区系对猪鞭虫(鞭虫)感染的响应。与三头未感染寄生虫的猪相比，四头猪感染21天的猪的近端结肠微生物区系的组成发生了显着变化。在已鉴定的15个门中，变形杆菌和脱铁菌的丰度在感染猪时发生了变化。大约13%的属的丰度因感染而显著改变。例如，Succinivibrio和Mucispirillum相对丰度的变化可能分别与寄生感染引起的碳水化合物代谢改变和粘膜界面生态位破坏有关。值得注意的是，感染猪旋毛虫导致近端结肠微生物区系的代谢潜力发生显著变化，其中26%的已确定代谢途径受到影响。除了碳水化合物代谢外，赖氨酸的生物合成也受到抑制。对瘤胃内容物中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的代谢分析表明，感染猪相对缺乏碳水化合物和赖氨酸生物合成的辅助因子，以及油酸的积累，这表明脂肪酸吸收改变有助于局部炎症。我们的发现应该有助于开发控制猪和人类寄生虫的策略。
Helminth parasites ensure their survival by regulating host immunity through mechanisms that dampen inflammation. These properties have recently been exploited therapeutically to treat human diseases. The biocomplexity of the intestinal lumen suggests that interactions between the parasite and the intestinal microbiota would also influence inflammation. In this study, we characterized the microbiota in the porcine proximal colon in response to Trichuris suis (whipworm) infection using 16S rRNA gene-based and whole-genome shotgun (WGS) sequencing. A 21-day T. suis infection in four pigs induced a significant change in the composition of the proximal colon microbiota compared to that of three parasite-naive pigs. Among the 15 phyla identified, the abundances of Proteobacteria and Deferribacteres were changed in infected pigs. The abundances of approximately 13% of genera were significantly altered by infection. Changes in relative abundances of Succinivibrio and Mucispirillum, for example, may relate to alterations in carbohydrate metabolism and niche disruptions in mucosal interfaces induced by parasitic infection, respectively. Of note, infection by T. suis led to a significant shift in the metabolic potential of the proximal colon microbiota, where 26% of all metabolic pathways identified were affected. Besides carbohydrate metabolism, lysine biosynthesis was repressed as well. A metabolomic analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the luminal contents showed a relative absence in infected pigs of cofactors for carbohydrate and lysine biosynthesis, as well as an accumulation of oleic acid, suggesting altered fatty acid absorption contributing to local inflammation. Our findings should facilitate development of strategies for parasitic control in pigs and humans.