Abductive Inference Design
Abductive Inference Design
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归纳推理设计
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
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通讯作者：
R. Wieringa
中科院分区：
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作者：
R. Wieringa
溯因推理是对最佳解释的推理。溯因推理的传统定义是，它在反向方向上遍历演绎：从p → q和q，我们可以试探性地得出p。我们知道火意味着烟，我们看到烟，我们得出有火的结论。对此没有演绎上的确定性支持，对于烟雾的发生可能有其他解释。也许是悍马在放烟幕？Douven（Abduction，in The斯坦福大学Encyclopedia of Philosophy，ed. by A.N. Zalta，Spring 2011 Edition，2011）很好地介绍了溯因推理作为一种推理形式，Schurz（Synthese 164：201-234，2008）提供了一个有趣的概述，介绍了溯因推理在科学中的历史用途，并提供了例子。
Abductive inference is inference to the best explanation(s). The traditional definition of abduction is that it traverses deduction in the backward direction: From p → q and q, we may tentatively conclude that p. We know that fire implies smoke, we see smoke, and we conclude that there is fire. There is no deductively certain support for this, and there may be other explanations of the occurrence of smoke. Perhaps a Humvee is laying a smoke screen? Douven (Abduction, in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. by A.N. Zalta, Spring 2011 Edition, 2011) gives a good introduction into abduction as a form of reasoning, and Schurz (Synthese 164:201–234, 2008) provides an interesting overview of historical uses of abduction in science, with examples.